新型碳材料用于煤层气变压吸附分离技术的研究进展  

Research progress of new carbon materials used in pressure swing adsorption separation technology of coalbed methane

作　　者：廖颖敏 张静 LIAO Yingmin;ZHANG Jing(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Xiamen University Tan Kah Kee College,Zhangzhou 363105,China;China Key Laboratory of Estuarine Ecological Security and Environmental Health (Fujian Province University),Zhangzhou 363105,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学嘉庚学院环境科学与工程学院,福建漳州363105 [2]河口生态安全与环境健康福建省高校重点实验室,福建漳州363105

出　　处：《煤质技术》2022年第2期1-7,共7页Coal Quality Technology

基　　金：漳州市自然科学基金项目(ZZ2021J42);福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2021J01044);福建省高校哲学社会科学研究项目(JSZM2020077)。

摘　　要：将煤层气中的CH_(4)排放至空气则易造成能源浪费以及温室效应,因此开发具有高CH_(4)吸收容量和高选择性的新型多孔碳材料并用于煤层气变压吸附分离技术至关重要。分别阐述活性炭、碳分子筛、碳纳米材料等碳材料在分离、富集CH_(4)领域的应用现状并对其未来发展进行展望,以期为相关研究提供参考。汇总相关资料分析可知:经KCl改性的商用活性炭对CH_(4)/O_(2)的分离系数达7.9,即商用活性炭具有一定的发展前景;经过硝酸/尿素改性的混合煤活性炭有望成为有效分离、富集煤层气中CH_(4)的碳材料;选择合适的生物质前驱体、改性剂,获得具有较高CH_(4)吸附容量和高选择性的新型多孔碳材料以用于煤层气中CH_(4)的富集和分离,同时实现节能减排;为提高对CH_(4)的吸附容量,可通过调整低温等离子体处理参数提高氮磷掺杂的碳分子筛对CH_(4)/N_(2)的分离系数,选择合适的改性剂和改性条件对碳纳米管等碳材料进行改性;金属负载的碳材料催化剂将成为CH_(4)催化转化方面具有巨大前景的备选材料。CH_(4) in coalbed methane will cause energy waste and greenhouse effect when discharged into the air.Therefore,it is very important to develop new porous carbon materials with high CH_(4) absorption capacity and high selectivity for pressure swing adsorption separation technology of coalbed methane.This paper described the application status of carbon materials such as activated carbon,carbon molecular sieve and carbon nano-materials in the field of separation and enrichment of CH_(4),and looked forward to the development future,so as to provide reference for relevant research.The analysis of relevant data shows that the separation coefficient of CH_(4)/O_(2) of commercial activated carbon modified by KCl is 7.9,that is,commercial activated carbon has a certain development prospect.The mixed coal activated carbon modified by nitric acid/urea is expected to be a effecting carbon material for separating and enriching CH_(4) in coalbed methane.When appropriate biomass precursors and modifiers are selected,the new porous carbon materials with high CH_(4) adsorption capacity and high selectivity can be obtained for CH_(4) enrichment and separation in coalbed methane,meanwhile,energy conservation and emission reduction can be realized.In order to improve the adsorption capacity of CH_(4),the separation coefficient of CH_(4)/N_(2) by nitrogen phosphorus doped carbon molecular sieve can be improved by adjusting the low-temperature plasma treatment parameters,and the appropriate modifier and modification conditions can be selected to modify carbon materials such as carbon nanotubes.Metal supported carbon material catalyst will become a promising candidate material for CH_(4) catalytic conversion.

关 键 词：碳材料 煤层气 变压吸附分离技术 活性炭 CH_(4) 分离系数 吸附容量 碳分子筛 节能减排 

分 类 号：TE645[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]