水蛭冻干粉的急性毒性及对急性血淤证大鼠的治疗作用  

Study on the acute toxicity and therapeutic effect on acute blood stasis rats of Hirudo freeze-dried powder

作　　者：蒋倩倩 张伯言 陈晓蒙 魏屹[1] JIANG Qianqian;ZHANG Boyan;CHEN Xiaomeng;WEI Yi(School of Life Science and Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu,Sichuan,610000 P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学生命科学与工程学院,四川成都610000

出　　处：《华西药学杂志》2022年第2期169-175,共7页West China Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

摘　　要：目的评价水蛭冻干粉的急性毒性,比较水蛭冻干粉及水蛭饮片对急性血淤证大鼠的作用。方法采用最大给药量实验评价水蛭冻干粉的急性毒性;将SD大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、阿司匹林组(31.25 mg·kg^(-1))、宽体金线蛭冻干粉和日本医蛭冻干粉高、中、低剂量组(0.3125、0.2083、0.1042 g·kg^(-1))、宽体金线蛭和日本医蛭饮片组(0.3125 g·kg^(-1)),连续灌胃14 d,于第13天复制急性血淤大鼠模型,分别考察水蛭冻干粉对大鼠凝血功能、血液流变学、血小板指标、氧化应激水平的影响,观察大鼠心、肺组织病理情况,并对给药组的治疗效果进行聚类分析。结果宽体金线蛭冻干粉和日本医蛭冻干粉给药剂量分别达到临床成人安全剂量的56、68倍时,未出现急性毒性现象。与模型组比较,阿司匹林、水蛭冻干粉能显著改善大鼠的凝血功能、血液流变学、血小板指标、氧化应激水平,能改善心、肺炎性细胞浸润、纤维增生等状况。聚类分析结果显示:相同剂量下,水蛭冻干粉的治疗效果优于水蛭饮片,其中,日本医蛭冻干粉与阿司匹林无显著性差异。结论水蛭冻干粉无严重急性中毒的危险,与水蛭饮片比较,可显著改善急性血淤证大鼠的凝血功能、血液流变学、血小板指标、氧化应激水平及心肺病理损伤程度。OBJECTIVE To evaluate the acute toxicity of Hirudo freeze-dried powder and to compare the effects of Hirudo freeze-dried powder and Hirudo decoction pieces on acute blood stasis rats.METHODS The acute toxicity of Hirudo freeze-dried powder was evaluated by maximum dose test.SD rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group,aspirin group(31.25 mg·kg^(-1)),Whitmania pigra Whitman freeze-dried powder and Hirudo nipponica Whitman freeze-dried powder high,medium and low dose group(0.3125,0.2083,0.1042 g·kg^(-1)),W.pigra and H.nipponica decoction pieces group(0.3125 g·kg^(-1)).Rats were given continuous intragastric administration for 14 days,and acute blood stasis rat model was replicated on day 13.The effects of Hirudo freeze-dried powder on coagulation function,hemorheology,platelet index and oxidative stress level of rats were investigated,the pathological conditions of heart and lung tissues were observed,and the therapeutic effect of medication group was analyzed by cluster analysis.RESULTS There was no acute toxicity observed when the dosage of W.pigra freeze-dried powder and H.nipponica freeze-dried powder reached 56 and 68 times of the safet dose of clinical adults,respectively.Compared with model group,aspirin group and Hirudo freeze-dried powder group could improve the coagulation function,hemorheology,platelet index and oxidative stress level of rats,and could improve the pathological injury of heart,pneumonia cell infiltration,fibrous hyperplasia.Cluster analysis results showed that at the same dose,the therapeutic effect of Hirudo freeze-dried powder was better than that of Hirudo decoction pieces,and there was no significant difference between H.nipponica freeze-dried powder and aspirin.CONCLUSION Hirudo freeze-dried powder has no risk of severe acute poisoning,and can significantly improve the coagulation function,hemorheology,platelet index,oxidative stress level and cardiopulmonary pathological injury degree in acute blood stasis rats compared with Hirudo Yinpian.

关 键 词：水蛭冻干粉 宽体金线蛭 日本医蛭 急性毒性 大鼠急性血淤模型 凝血功能 血液流变学 氧化应激水平 

分 类 号：R96[医药卫生—药理学]