农场、勋章与猎枪——斯威夫特《唯愿你在此》中的共同体超越  

The Farm,the Medal and the Shotgun:Beyond Community Malaise in Graham Swift’s Wish You Were Here

作　　者：王腊宝 Wang Labao(the School of English Studies of Shanghai International Studies University,Shanghai,China,201600)

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学英语学院,201600

出　　处：《当代外国文学》2022年第1期29-36,共8页Contemporary Foreign Literature

基　　金：国家社科重大项目“英国文学的命运共同体表征和审美研究”(19ZDA293)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：英国小说家格雷汉姆·斯威夫特的第九部长篇小说《唯愿你在此》以上世纪90年代的英国疯牛病和新世纪初的入侵伊拉克战争为背景,探究历史事件对于英国现实生活的影响,小说刻画两个共同体:一个是以农场为核心的传统乡村共同体,另一个是以篷车度假乐园为核心的现代城市共同体,前者在一场动物疫情中走向覆灭,后者在当代人的独体焦虑之中煎熬前行。本文立足米勒、南希和德里达等关于“无为共同体”的论述,结合小说中贯穿全篇的农场、勋章及猎枪等三个核心意象符号,梳理小说中呈现的新旧两个共同体内部存在的问题,揭示当代英国人置身两种共同体之间的困境,探究小说家对于超越这一共同体困境所进行的思考。Graham Swift’s ninth novel, Wish You Were Here, offers a look into the havoc that historical events such as Mad Cow Disease in the 1990s and the Iraq War of the new century continue to wreak on English people today. The novel presents two communities: a farm-based rural community who went bankrupt as a result of mad-cow disease and a caravan-park community wrestling with malaise. Through the concept of “inoperative/unworked community” and various critical lenses provided by J. Hillis Miller, Jean-Luc Nancy and Jacques Derrida, this essay examines the three symbols of community in the novel—the farm, the medal and shotgun—for insights into the helplessness that the protagonist experiences in his movement between two equally dysfunctional communities. It concludes with a discussion about Swift’s dialectical reflections on the problems of the two communities and his vision of how it is possible to move beyond them in the future.

关 键 词：格雷汉姆·斯威夫特 《唯愿你在此》 乡村共同体 无为共同体 超越 

分 类 号：I561.074[文学—其他各国文学]