云南淘金沟锡矿山废弃地重金属来源分布及污染评价  

SOURCE DISTRIBUTION AND POLLUTION EVALUATION OF HEAVY METALS IN THE WASTELAND OF TAOJINGOU TIN MINE,YUNNAN

作　　者：廖文静 李波[1] 陈杰[1] 温泽群 LIAO Wen-jing;LI Bo;CHEN Jie;WEN Ze-qun(Faculty of Land Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,昆明650093

出　　处：《地质灾害与环境保护》2022年第1期107-113,共7页Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1802603)。

摘　　要：废弃锡矿山用地的恢复治理一直是国家关注的问题。为了探究云南淘金沟锡矿山废弃地重金属来源分布和污染情况,测定了废弃地表土层中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Cd、Mn 6种元素含量和pH值,利用多元统计、地质统计法分析重金属来源及分布,采用地积累指数法和潜在生态危害指数法对重金属污染进行评价。结果表明:除了Zn和Mn低于土壤环境质量农用地风险筛选值,其余元素均已超出风险筛选值;Cu属于强变异,其余元素属于中等变异;Cu和Mn符合对数正态分布,其余元素都服从正态分布;Zn、Pb、Mn主要来源于成土母质等自然因素,Cu和Cd来源于锡矿山尾矿库和废渣场,Cr来源于农业和土壤母质;Zn、Pb、Mn空间分布特征呈带状,Cu、Cr、Cd呈岛状和带状相结合的特点;污染指数评价表明Zn和Mn轻微污染,Pb和Cr属于中等污染,Cu和Cd污染最严重,研究区属于强潜在生态危害区。通过了解研究区土壤重金属的来源分布,对研究区进行污染评价,为废弃锡矿山的地质环境恢复治理提供一些依据。The restoration and management of abandoned tin mine land has always been an issue of national concern.In order to explore the distribution and pollution of heavy metals in the waste land of Taojingou tin mine in Yunnan,the content and pH value of 6 elements Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr,Cd and Mn in the topsoil of the waste ground were measured,and the heavy metals were analyzed by multivariate statistics and geostatistics.Source and distribution,using geo-accumulation index method and potential ecological hazard index method to evaluate heavy metal pollution.The results show that,except for Zn and Mn that are lower than the risk screening value of soil environmental quality agricultural land,the other elements have exceeded the risk screening value;Cu belongs to strong variation,and the remaining elements belong to medium variation;Cu and Mn conform to lognormal distribution,and the other elements They all obey the normal distribution;Zn,Pb,and Mn are mainly derived from natural factors such as soil-forming parent material;Cu and Cd are derived from Xikuangshan tailing pond and waste residue field;Cr is derived from agriculture and soil parent material;Zn,Pb,and Mn spatial distribution The characteristics are band-shaped,Cu,Cr,Cd are island-shaped and band-shaped;the pollution index evaluation shows that Zn and Mn are slightly polluted,Pb and Cr are moderately polluted,and Cu and Cd are the most serious,and the study area belongs to strong potential Ecologically hazardous area.By understanding the source distribution of heavy metals in the soil in the study area,the pollution assessment of the study area can provide some basis for the restoration and governance of the geological environment of the abandoned tin mine.

关 键 词：锡矿山废弃地 土壤重金属 污染来源 空间变异 污染评价 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]