应急撤离模拟在核电厂道路方案优化中的应用  

Application of emergency evacuation simulation in the optimization of road evacuation scheme for nuclear power plant

作　　者：董力 王梦溪 刘新建 刘森林[1] DONG Li;WANG Mengxi;LIU Xinjian;LIU Senlin(China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 102413;China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100840;National Nuclear Emergency Response Technical Assistance Center,Beijing 100071)

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413 [2]中国核电工程有限公司,北京100840 [3]国家核应急响应技术支持中心,北京100071

出　　处：《辐射防护》2022年第2期161-168,共8页Radiation Protection

摘　　要：将概率风险评价方法应用于核电厂的应急撤离模拟,利用自主编写的简化撤离模拟程序,结合厂址事故源项、人口、道路、气象条件等特征,对多个核电厂应急撤离条件下公众与工作人员可能的受照剂量和风险进行了对比分析。在此基础上,结合霞浦厂址应急道路方案遇到的实际问题,在保证事故应急状态下公众和工作人员能够有效撤离的同时,对应急道路方案进行了比选,为工程的实施提供借鉴和参考。相关程序和方法也可为后续发展海岛核电、小型供热堆等提供技术支持,有助于更直观地开展核电公众沟通。The emergency road of nuclear power plant has always been the focus of the site emergency evacuation feasibility analysis.The probabilistic risk assessment method is applied to the emergency evacuation simulation of nuclear power plants in this paper.Using self-designed simplified evacuation simulation program,combined with the site characteristics of accident source term,population,road and meteorological conditions,the possible exposure doses to the public and staff under emergency conditions of multiple nuclear power plant sites are calculated,and the risks of each site are compared.Besides,combined with the practical problems encountered in the emergency evacuation road scheme of Xiapu site,while ensuring the effective evacuation of the public and staff under emergency conditions,the schemes of emergency evacuation road are compared and selected in combination with the actual situation of the plant site,which could provide reference for the implementation of the Xiapu project.The program and the method mentioned above can also provide technical support for the subsequent development of island nuclear power plant and small heating reactor,which is also conducive to more intuitive public communication of nuclear power.

关 键 词：应急撤离 概率风险评价 应急可行性分析 

分 类 号：TL48[核科学技术—核技术及应用] TL73