龙爪菇培育技术优化  

Research on Optimization of Cultivation Technology of Longzhua Mushroom

作　　者：巫仁高 赵俊敏 王怡暄 刘福阳 王爱仙 卢仁清 舒绍清 WU Ren-gao;ZHAO Jun-min;WANG Yi-xuan;LIU Fu-yang;WANG Ai-xian;LU Ren-qing;SHU Shao-qing(Nanping Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Jianyang 354200,China;Shunchang RenQing Agriculture Development Co.,Ltd.,Shunchang 353200,China;Shunchang LongYuanXi Specialized Agricultural Cooperative,Shunchang 353200,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省南平市农业科学研究所,福建建阳3254200 [2]顺昌县仁清农业开发有限公司,福建顺昌353200 [3]顺昌龙源溪农业专业合作社,福建顺昌353200

出　　处：《中国食用菌》2022年第3期39-44,共6页Edible Fungi of China

基　　金：福建省科技计划项目(2020N0068);福建省科技计划星火项目(2021S0059)。

摘　　要：针对获国家发明专利产品龙爪菇的培育关键技术,围绕提高龙爪菇的品质和产量,开展出菇方式、割口方式、开口数量的优化试验。从产量、优质菇率等方面综合评价,其结果表明,卧式出菇单袋产量高,设施投入大,适合设施栽培;立式出菇单位面积产量高,优质菇率高,设施投入小,适合大棚栽培。比较短“|”形、长“|”形、“×”形、“Λ”形、“O”形5种割口方式发现,短“|”形割口菌筒产出的子实体成单朵、朵形大,易采摘,采收后易处理,单袋产量较高,优质菇率高,为最佳割口方式。比较开口数量为12个/袋、15个/袋、18个/袋、21个/袋发现,开口数量越多,产量越高,但优质菇率越低;开口数量为12个/袋(4排)时单袋产量较低,优质菇产量最高,子实体单朵重、朵形大、品质好,为最优开口数量。Aiming at the key cultivation technology of Longzhua Mushroom which obtained the national invention patent,focusing on improving the quality and yield,the optimization experiment of mushroom fruiting mode,cutting mode and hole quantity was carried out.The comprehensive evaluation results from the aspects of yield and high-quality mushroom rate showed that horizontal fruiting had high single bag yield and large facility investment,which is suitable for facility cultivation,while vertical fruiting had high yield per unit area,high-quality mushroom rate and small facility investment,which is suitable for greenhouse cultivation.The cutting mode was compared with short‘|’,long‘|’,‘×’,‘Λ’and‘O’holes.the fruit body cultivated by edible fungi bag with the short‘|’was single and large,easy to pick,easy to handle after harvesting,had high yield of single bag and high rate of high-quality mushrooms.So the short‘|’was the best cutting mode.The number of cuts was compared with12,15,18,21 cuts per bag.It was found that the more cuts,the higher the yield,but the lower the rate of high-quality mushrooms.When the number of cuts was 12 per bag(4 rows),the single bag yield was lower,the yield of high-quality was the highest,and the single fruit body weight was heavy,with large shape and good quality,which was the optimal number of cuts.

关 键 词：龙爪菇 培育技术 优化 

分 类 号：S646.6[农业科学—蔬菜学]