马基雅维利《战争术》的文学笔法  

The Art of Writing in Machiavelli’s Art of War

作　　者：张培均 ZHANG Peijun

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学文学院古典文明研究中心

出　　处：《国外文学》2022年第1期76-86,共11页Foreign Literatures

摘　　要：《战争术》是马基雅维利生前发表的唯一重要散文著作。与《君主论》和《李维史论》不同,这本书以对话形式写成,文学性极强。主要对话者法布里齐奥·科隆纳,一位著名的雇佣军首领,在书中与几位年轻贵族就古今战争术的优劣展开一场热烈的讨论。对话过程中,马基雅维利巧妙地利用科西莫·鲁切拉伊的诘问,改变法布里齐奥论述的旧秩序,并引入一种全新的秩序。这种新秩序针对的某种“看不见的敌人”,与发源于东方的基督宗教之间存在某种对应关系。通过对新旧两种秩序转换处的文本的文学分析,可表明《战争术》以巧妙的笔法,服务于马基雅维利挑战基督宗教权威的总体意图。Machiavelli’s Art of War is the only important prose work published before his death. Different from The Prince and Discourses on Livy, this work is in the form of a dialogue. The chief interlocutor, Fabrizio Colonna, who starts a discussion on the ancient art of war with his audience, is a famous condottiere. During the course of the dialogue, through Cosimo’s questioning, Machiavelli skillfully changes the old order and introduces a new one. This new order is against some invisible enemy, which reminds us of the Christian religion originating from the Orient. The Art of War, with a clever art of writing, serves Machiavelli’s intention to challenge the authority of the Christian religion.

关 键 词：马基雅维利 《战争术》 笔法 新秩序 基督宗教 

分 类 号：I546.076[文学—其他各国文学]