张仲景舌诊学术思想探究  

Research on ZHANG Zhong-jing’s academic thought of tongue diagnosis

作　　者：董硕[1] 周可林 陈家旭 DONG Shuo;ZHOU Ke-lin;CHEN Jia-xu(Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学,北京100029 [2]北京中医药大学中医学院

出　　处：《中华中医药杂志》2022年第3期1612-1614,共3页China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(No.81630104)。

摘　　要：舌诊是中医诊断学的重要组成部分,是中医望诊中的特色诊法之一。在《黄帝内经》中就涉及舌诊之法,张仲景在《伤寒杂病论》中将《黄帝内经》舌诊之法充实和提高,形成了后世舌诊体系的基础,将舌诊独立成为与脉诊一样的特色诊断方法,有助于临床诊断。张仲景的舌诊学术思想主要包括运用舌诊审病查因、辨别病机、明确诊断、判断预后转归,张仲景应用舌诊对于辨证论治尤为重要,根据舌象可以辅助病证分析,有利于证候的鉴别诊断。张仲景重视舌诊但不依赖于舌诊,在条文中强调舌、脉、症相互印证,并指出要根据情况取舍,注重四诊合参、整体审查。Tongue diagnosis is an important part of TCM diagnostics and one of the characteristic diagnosis methods in TCM inspection. The method of tongue diagnosis was involved in Huangdi Neijing. ZHANG Zhong-jing enriched and improved the method of tongue diagnosis in Shanghan Zabing Lun, which formed the basis of the tongue diagnosis system in later generations, and made tongue diagnosis independent of the characteristic diagnostic method. ZHANG Zhong-jing’s academic thoughts on tongue diagnosis mainly include using tongue diagnosis to examine the cause of disease, identify pathogenesis, clear diagnosis, judge prognosis and outcome. ZHANG Zhong-jing’s application of tongue diagnosis is particularly important for syndrome differentiation and treatment. According to the tongue image can assist in the analysis of disease and syndrome, which is beneficial to the differential diagnosis of syndrome. He emphasizes the mutual confirmation of tongue, pulse, and symptoms, and points out that it is necessary to choose according to the situation, and pay attention to the combination of the four diagnosis and the overall review.

关 键 词：伤寒杂病论 张仲景 舌诊 学术思想 辨证论治 

分 类 号：R241.25[医药卫生—中医诊断学]