民主抑或暴政——卡夫卡《审判》新解  

Democracy or Tyranny——A New Understanding of The Trial

作　　者：郝燕 Hao Yan(School of Foreign Languages,Bengbu University,Bengbu 233030,China)

机构地区：[1]蚌埠学院外国语学院,安徽蚌埠233030

出　　处：《黑河学院学报》2022年第2期143-145,166,共4页Journal of Heihe University

基　　金：蚌埠学院社科基金项目“意识形态视域下的卡夫卡文学研究”(2019SK03zd);蚌埠学院社科基金项目“中国文化‘走出去’背景下旅游外宣汉英翻译文本研究——以淮河流域为例”(2018SK12)。

摘　　要：在卡夫卡的小说《审判》中,主人公K虽无罪,却被判处了死刑,从某种意义上说,这是由“多数的暴政”所致,多数利用其决定性力量将自身的意志上升为法律,并以此“恶法”迫害少数。小说中多数对K实施的暴政体现了生活在奥匈帝国的犹太人的生存困境,传达了卡夫卡对即将到来的共和国的担忧。为防止“多数的暴政”,首先应赋予法院法律审查的职能,使少数人享有可以向法院提出审查法律合宪性的权利;其次应强化法院机构的功能,树立司法权威。In Kafka’s novel,The Trial,the protagonist K was sentenced to death although he had committed no crime.In some sense,it is caused by“tyranny of the majority”.With their decisive power,the majority turn their own wills into laws,and thereby use such evil laws to persecute the minority.The tyranny enforced against K by the majority in the novel embodies the living predicament of the Jews in the Austro-Hungarian Empire,and conveys Kafka’s concerns about the forthcoming Republic.To prevent“tyranny of the majority”,firstly,the court should be vested with the function of legal review,thus entitling the minority to the right of requiring the court to review the constitutionality of the laws;secondly,the function of the court should be reinforced,so as to establish the authority of the judicature.

关 键 词：卡夫卡 《审判》 法院 奥匈帝国 多数暴政 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]