2011—2020年长沙市MTB/HIV双重感染流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of MTB/HIV double infection in Changsha from 2011 to 2020

作　　者：熊姿[1] 谢赐福 宋丽新[1] 王孝君[1] 田斌[1] 黄竹林[1] 徐祖辉 张锡兴[1] 白丽琼 XIONG Zi;XIE Ci-fu;SONG Li-xin;WANG Xiao-jun;TIAN Bin;HUANG Zhu-lin;XU Zu-hui;ZHANG Xi-xing;BAI Li-qiong(Changsha Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changsha 410001,China;Hu’nan Institute for Tuberculosis Prevention and Control/Hu’nan Chest Hospital,Changsha 410013,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙市疾病预防控制中心,长沙410001 [2]湖南省结核病防治所/湖南省胸科医院,长沙410013

出　　处：《中国防痨杂志》2022年第5期484-488,共5页Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis

基　　金：湖南省科技创新平台与人才计划(2018SK7003)。

摘　　要：目的:分析长沙市MTB/HIV双重感染流行特征,以完善相关防控策略。方法:从《结核病管理信息系统》和《TB/HIV双重感染防治管理工作年度报表》中提取2011—2020年长沙市MTB/HIV双感者相关资料,建立长沙市MTB/HIV感染特征分布综合数据库。分析MTB/HIV双重感染的检出情况,描述其随年度变化的趋势以及在不同时间、性别、年龄和地区的流行分布特征。结果:2011—2020年,长沙市累计发现MTB/HIV双重感染者280例,患者发现率随年度呈波动性上升[4.29%(12/280)~15.36%(43/280)]。其中,在结核病患者中检出HIV感染者39例,年均检出率为0.10%(39/38990),不同年度HIV阳性检出率[0.03%(1/3759)~0.22%(9/4057)]呈波动性上升趋势(Z=2.347,P=0.019);在HIV/AIDS患者中检出MTB感染者241例,年均检出率为0.68%(241/35381),不同年度肺结核检出率[0.41%(19/4639)~2.13%(13/610)]呈波动性下降趋势(Z=-6.126,P=0.001)。在280例MTB/HIV双重感染者中,性别分布以男性为主[85.71%(240/280)];年龄分布以25~44岁年龄组为主[46.78%(131/280)],其次是45~64岁年龄组[32.50%(91/280)];地区分布以浏阳市为最多[26.07%(73/280)],其次为长沙县和宁乡市[均为16.43%(46/280)]。结论:长沙市MTB/HIV双重感染水平较低,但在结核病患者中筛查HIV感染者的年均检出率呈波动上升趋势,在HIV/AIDS者中筛查MTB感染者的检出率呈波动下降趋势。应以男性、25~44岁年龄组以及AIDS及结核病疫情分布较高地区的人群为防控重点。Objective:To analyze the epidemic characteristics of MTB/HIV double infection in Changsha,and to improve the prevention and control strategies.Methods:The data of MTB/HIV dual infection patients in Changsha from 2011 to 2020 were extracted from Tuberculosis Information Management System and TB/HIV Dual Infection Prevention and Management Annual Report,to establish a comprehensive database of MTB/HIV characteristics and distribution in Changsha.The detection of MTB/HIV dual infection,description of the annual change trend and the epidemic distribution characteristics in different time,gender,age and region were analyzed.Results:From 2011 to 2020,a total of 280 MTB/HIV double infection cases were found in Changsha,the patient detection rate fluctuated with the year(4.29%(12/280)-15.36%(43/280)).Among them,HIV infection were detected in 39 tuberculosis patients,with an annual detection rate of 0.10%(39/38990).The HIV positive rate showed an increasing trend of fluctuation in different years(0.03%(1/3759)-0.22%(9/4057))(Z=2.347,P=0.019).Among HIV/AIDS patients,MTB infection were detected in 241 cases,and the average annual detection rate was 0.68%(241/35381).The detection rate of tuberculosis showed a decreasing trend with fluctuation in different years(0.41%(19/4639)-2.13%(13/610))(Z=-6.126,P=0.001).The 280 MTB/HIV dual infected patients were mainly male(85.71%(240/280));and the age was mainly at 25-44 years(46.78%(131/280)),followed by 45-64 years old(32.50%(91/280)).As to regional distribution,Liuyang City had the most cases(26.07%(73/280)),followed by Changsha County and Ningxiang City(both 16.43%(46/280)).Conclusion:The level of MTB/HIV double infection in Changsha was low,but the average annual detection rate of HIV infection among tuberculosis patients showed a fluctuating upward trend.The detection rate of MTB infection in HIV/AIDS screening showed a fluctuating downward trend.The prevention and control should be focused on male and 25-44 years age group,as well as people in areas with high prevalence of AIDS

关 键 词：分枝杆菌 结核 HIV感染 共病现象 流行病学研究特征(主题) 

分 类 号：R52[医药卫生—内科学] R512.91[医药卫生—临床医学]