沿空留巷顶板覆岩二次采动裂隙实测分析  

Analysis of actual measurement of cracks in overlying rock on roof of gob-side entry retaining during secondary mining

作　　者：高永格[1] 张强 牛矗 张开 GAO Yongge;ZHANG Qiang;NIU Chu;ZHANG Kai(Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,China;School of Mining and Geomatics,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,China;Department of Mining Engineering,Lvliang University,Lvliang 033000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学,河北邯郸056038 [2]河北工程大学矿业与测绘工程学院,河北邯郸056038 [3]吕梁学院矿业工程系,山西吕梁033000

出　　处：《煤炭科学技术》2022年第3期78-84,共7页Coal Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51174112)。

摘　　要：地下煤岩体开挖会引起上覆岩层的断裂、位移进而造成煤层内瓦斯的溢出、裂隙水的流动甚至会造成地表沉陷等矿山灾害。为了研究厚松散层下沿空留巷上覆顶板岩层裂隙破断规律,使用ZXZ20(A)型矿用钻孔成像装置对云驾岭煤矿12307工作面回风巷与运输巷进行上覆顶板岩层破断状态与裂隙发育的观测。在12307工作面回风巷沿走向布置1、2、3号测点,运输巷沿走向布置4、5、6号测点,6个测点的钻孔施工时间段相同、观测时间段相同。观测结果表明:1号测点上方顶板岩层极为破碎,顶板裂隙发育由浅及深不断加剧,在3~9 m出现明显离层,在此区间可观察到6条离层裂缝;3号测点顶板岩层0~3.2 m存在发育充分的裂隙,3.2~6.6 m存在横向裂隙,且6.2 m处有离层现象;4号测点顶板岩层0~2.5 m岩层受到明显破坏,岩层内裂隙纵横交错,2.5 m以深裂隙逐渐减少,只存在原生裂隙;6号测点顶板岩层观测范围内并未发现大的裂隙,岩层整体发育较为完整。上述结果表明回风巷在一次采动后顶板覆岩主要破碎范围在2 m内,在留巷期间二次采动造成顶板覆岩破碎程度加剧,深部岩层同样出现破碎与离层,尤其在顶板上方4 m内离层较多。The excavation of underground coal and rock masses will cause the fracture and displacement of the overlying rock layer,which will cause the overflow of gas in the coal seam,the flow of fissure water and even the surface subsidence and other mine disasters.In order to study the fracture breaking law of overlying roof strata in gob-side entry under thick loose layer,the ZXZ20(A) mine drilling imaging device was used to observe the fracture state and fracture development of overlying roof strata in return air lane and headentry of No.12307 working face in Yunjialing Coal Mine.The probe is pushed into the borehole to be measured by the push rod,and the measured position data and the internal structure of the borehole are transmitted to the computer by USB through the display of the imaging device host.In the return airway of the No.12307 working face,the measuring points 1,2 and 3 are arranged along the strike direction,and the measuring points 4,5,and 6 are arranged along the strike direction of the transportation lane.The drilling construction time and observation time of the 6 measuring points are the same.The observation results show that the roof strata above the No.1 measuring point is extremely broken,and the development of roof fissures is increasing from shallow to deep,with obvious separation between 3 and 9 m,and 6 separation cracks can be observed in this interval.There are well-developed cracks in the rock layer from 0 to 3.2 m in the roof of the No.3 measuring point,but lateral cracks can be seen from 3.2 m to 6.6 m above it and seam separation occurs at 6.2 m deeper.The roof strata within 0-2.5 m above the No.4 measuring point are obviously damaged,and the cracks in the strata are criss-crossed.The depth of fissures less than 2.5 m gradually decreased,and only primary fissures existed;no large cracks were found in the observation range of roof strata above the No.6 measuring point,and the rock formation were relatively well-developed as a whole.The above results show that the main fracture range of ro

关 键 词：沿空留巷 二次采动 裂隙发育 顶板覆岩 覆岩破坏 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]