基于SBAS技术的煤矿采空区探查与稳定性评价  

Exploration and stability evaluation of coal mine goaf based on SBAS technology

作　　者：张丰[1,2] 刁鑫鹏 谭秀全[1] 李爱军[1] 杨隽[3] ZHANG Feng;DIAO Xinpeng;TAN Xiuquan;LI Aijun;YANG Jun(Lunan Geo-Engineering Exploration Institute(The Second Geological Brigade of Shandong Provincial Exploration Bureau of Geology and mineral Resources),Jining 272100,China;Engineering Technology Innovation Center for Comprehensive Treatment of Coal Mining Subsidence Area,Ministry of Natural Resources,Jining 272100,China;School of Environment Science and Informatics,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information Engineering,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省鲁南地质工程勘察院(山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第二地质大队),山东济宁272100 [2]自然资源部采煤沉陷区综合治理工程技术创新中心,山东济宁272100 [3]中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院,江苏徐州221116 [4]江苏省资源环境信息工程重点实验室,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《煤炭科学技术》2022年第3期208-214,共7页Coal Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52104174);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20190642)。

摘　　要：煤炭资源的长期开采,导致地下大面积采空区的存在。城市建设快速发展使得土地资源日益紧张,煤矿沉陷区土地成为可持续发展的重要资源。进行高精度和大面积的采煤沉陷地探查与采空区稳定性评价工作,有利于缓解地下采空与地面建设间日益尖锐的矛盾,对城市的可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。InSAR技术能够通过历史影像实现大覆盖面积、毫米级精度的地表形变反演,具有常规测量手段无法比拟的优势。为深入探究该技术在煤炭资源采空区调查和稳定性评价工作中的可用性,以济宁城市规划区为例,采用2018-09-12—2019-03-11的14景Sentinel-1影像,利用短基线集技术(SBAS)反演了研究区域的形变时间序列,成功探明了采煤塌陷地的空间分布,并结合相应时间段内的地表实测数据进行了解译精度的评价。对解译结果综合和研究分析发现:(1)探测到济宁城市规划区10余处采煤塌陷地,监测成果与水准实测数据间的最大中误差为5.8 mm;研究区内大部分范围内地表形变速率低于10 mm/a,表明相应位置的老采空区已基本趋于稳定。(2)所提取老采空区地面点的变形曲线符合开采沉陷的基本规律;形变解译结果能够显著区分不同开采条件下地表残余变形的特征。(3)研究成果能够查明目标区采煤沉陷地的空间分布位置,指导矿山地质环境调查工作高效、有针对性地开展;可以为老采空区稳定性的初步评价提供基础数据。The long-term exploitation of coal resources has led to the existence of large-scale underground goafs.The rapid development of urban construction has made land resources increasingly tense,which leads to the land in subsidized areas of coal mines become an important resource for sustainable development.The high-precision and large-area investigation of mining subsidence and the evaluation of goaf stability are conducive to alleviate the increasingly sharp contradiction between underground goaf and ground construction,and have important practical significance for the sustainable development of the city.InSAR technology can realize the inversion of surface deformation with large coverage area and millimeter level accuracy through historical images,which has obvious advantages over conventional measurement methods.In order to further explore the availability of InSAR in the investigation and stability evaluation of coal resource goafs,in this paper,the 14 Sentinel-1 images during 2018-09-12 to 2019-03-11 were used to invert the deformation time series in the Jining district with SBAS method.The spatial distribution of coal mining subsidence area was successfully identified,and the interpreted deformation accuracy also was evaluated.The results show that,(1) More than 10 coal mining subsidence sites in the Jining district area were detected,and the maximum medium error between the monitoring results and the measured data was 5.8 mm;the surface deformation rate of study area is mostly less than-10 mm/a,which indicates that the goaf at the corresponding location has basically stabilized.(2) the deformation curves of the ground points extracted by SBAS conform to the basic law of mining subsidence,and also can distinguish the characteristics of the surface residual deformation under different mining conditions.(3) The researches of this paper not only can improve the efficiency of geological survey in coal resources goaf,but also can provide basic data for goaf stability evaluation.

关 键 词：SBAS 煤炭资源 采空区 稳定性评价 济宁城市规划区 采煤沉陷 地质测量 

分 类 号：TD325.3[矿业工程—矿井建设]