基于仿生设计方法的开沟器优化设计  

Optimization design of furrow opener based on bionics design

作　　者：张志丰 张峻霞[1,2] 张琰 ZHANG Zhifeng;ZHANG Junxia;ZHANG Yan(College of Mechanical Engineering,Tianjin University of Science and Technology,Tianjin 300222,China;Tianjin Municipal Key Laboratory of Integrated Design and On-line Monitoring for Light Industry and Food Machinery and Equipment,Tianjin 300222,China)

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学机械工程学院,天津300222 [2]天津市轻工与食品工程机械装备集成设计与在线监控重点实验室,天津300222

出　　处：《计算机集成制造系统》2022年第4期1143-1149,共7页Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(51405341);天津市自然科学基金资助项目(15JCYBJC19300)。

摘　　要：为降低开沟器犁地阻力,同时提高开沟效率,基于仿生设计方法对开沟器曲面进行优化设计。仿生开沟器设计依据土栖生物蝼蛄独特的爪趾形态特征,因其在快速挖掘过程中其爪趾具有突出的低阻力特性。通过逆向工程方法构建出蝼蛄爪趾的生物立体模型,并模拟4个爪趾楔入土壤的过程。结果显示,爪趾T2在楔入角度为35°时土壤应力值相对最小且应变值相对最大。提取爪趾T2的4条生物轮廓曲线,对曲线进行拟合后应用于仿生开沟器的设计方案。将仿生开沟器设计方案通过模拟仿真方法进行验证,在相同条件下对原型开沟器进行仿真实验。研究表明,优化后的仿生开沟器作用于土壤后,较原型开沟器作用于土壤产生的最大应力降低56.32%,最大应变提高27.80%,提高了开沟器的开沟效率。To reduce the resistance of furrow opener and improve efficiency,the surface design of furrow opener was optimized based on bionic design method in accordance with the unique claw teeth morphological characteristics of mole cricket,whose claw teeth has outstanding characteristics of low resistance in the rapid excavation process.The reverse engineering method was used to construct 3D model of mole cricket's claw teeth,and the process of 4 teeth wedging into the soil was simulated.The results showed that there was no significant correlation between the maximum stress and the maximum strain in the process of claw tooth wedging into soil.The standard value method was used to analyze the two factors and the results were as follows.When the claw tooth T2 wedged into the soil at an angle of 35 degrees,the stress value of soil was relatively minimum and the strain value of soil was relatively maximum.Four biomorphic contour curves of claw tooth T2 were extracted and fitted to design scheme of bionic furrow opener.The design scheme of the bionic furrow opener was verified by the simulation method,and the simulation experiment of the prototype ditcher was carried out under the same condition.The results showed that the maximum stress of the optimized bionic furrow opener was reduced by 56.32%and the maximum strain of the soil was increased by 27.80%compared with the original furrow opener,the efficiency of furrow opener was improved.

关 键 词：开沟器 逆向工程 有限元分析 仿生设计 

分 类 号：TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论]