生物降解地膜添加剂2,6-二异丙基苯胺对烟苗生长、生理特性及氮代谢的影响  

Effects of 2, 6-diisopropylaniline additive in biodegradable mulch film on the growth,physiological properties and nitrogen metabolism of tobacco seedlings

作　　者：向美 蔡凯 高维常 杨磊 张婕 邓琴[1] 潘文杰 吴迪[1] XIANG Mei;CAI Kai;GAO Weichang;YANG Lei;ZHANG Jie;DENG Qin;PAN Wenjie;WU Di(Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Information Systems of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China;Upland Flue-cured Tobacco Quality&Ecology Key Laboratory of China Tobacco,Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science,Guiyang 550081,China;Tobacco Leaf Purchase Center,Hunan China Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410109,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境信息系统与生态环境保护重点实验室,贵州贵阳550001 [2]贵州省烟草科学研究院,烟草行业山地烤烟品质与生态重点实验室,贵州贵阳550081 [3]湖南中烟工业有限责任公司原料采购中心,长沙410109

出　　处：《中国烟草学报》2022年第2期77-84,共8页Acta Tabacaria Sinica

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础[2019]1212);“贵州省百层次创新人才”(黔科合平台人才[2020]6020);贵州省烟草公司科技项目(201933)。

摘　　要：【背景与目的】聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBAT)生物降解地膜正在逐步替代常规地膜应用于农业生产,苯胺类物质2,6-二异丙基苯胺(2,6-DIPA)作为降解地膜主要的有机添加剂,对其进行植物安全性评价尤为重要。【方法】以2叶1心期K326烟苗为材料,通过添加2,6-DIPA的空白、低(1.77μg/mL)、中(17.7μg/mL)、高(88.5μg/mL)4个浓度进行水培试验,探究其对烟苗表型性状、生理指标及氮代谢的影响。【结果】2,6-DIPA浓度越高,对烟苗表型抑制作用越明显,株高、茎围、最大叶面积、生物量、根系发育等被显著抑制,叶绿素含量显著增加。丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)等抗逆酶活性随2,6-DIPA浓度增大均有不同程度增加,而谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性在2,6-DIPA低浓度时显著增加,高浓度时显著下降。烟苗叶片中生物碱含量随2,6-DIPA浓度增大先降后升,多数氨基酸及其类似物在高浓度时显著下调,仅丙氨酸(Ala)、天冬氨酸(Asp)与色胺(Try)表现为显著上调。【结论】2,6-DIPA可显著抑制烟苗的生长发育,并使叶绿素含量及抗逆酶活性增加,同时影响烟苗对氮的吸收,进而改变其氨基酸与生物碱的合成代谢。[Background] PBAT biodegradable mulch film is gradually replacing conventional mulch film for agricultural production. The aniline compound of 2,6-diisopropylaniline is the main additive in PBAT. Hence, evaluating the safety 2, 6-DIPA to crop is particularly important. [Methods] Flue-cured tobacco K326 was treated with different concentrations(CK,T1/1.77 μg/mL, T2/17.7 μg/mL, T3/88.5μg/m L) of 2, 6-DIPA at the seedling stage in hydroponic experiments. The growth, physiological properties and nitrogen metabolism of tobacco seedlings were analyzed and evaluated. [Results] The higher the concentration of 2, 6-DIPA, the more obvious the inhibition effect on tobacco growth was observed. The plant height, stem girth, maximum leaf area, biomass, root activity of tobacco seedlings were significantly decreased with the increase of 2, 6-DIPA concentration, but the chlorophyll contents was significantly increased with it. With the increase of 2, 6-DIPA concentration, MDA content, SOD, POD, CAT, PAL activity increased, while GR activity showed a tendency of first increasing and then decreasing. Analysis of nitrogen metabolism showed that 2, 6-DIPA significantly changed the nitrogen-related metabolites. The nicotine synthesis was significantly inhibited at low concentration of 2, 6-DIPA, and was promoted at high concentration.Most amino acids and related metabolites were significantly down-regulated at high concentrations of 2, 6-DIPA and only Ala, Asp and Try were drastically up-regulated. [Conclusion] 2, 6-DIPA can significantly change the agronomic traits of tobacco seedlings, and increase chlorophyll content and antioxidant enzyme activity, thus affecting the nitrogen absorption and interfering amino acid, alkaloid synthesis.

关 键 词：烟草 PBAT生物降解地膜 2 6-二异丙基苯胺 生长发育 生理特性 氮代谢 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]