陆地棉种质资源表型性状综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Phenotypic Characters of Nature Population in Upland Cotton

作　　者：王秀秀 邢爱双 杨茹 何守朴[2] 贾银华[2] 潘兆娥[2] 王立如 杜雄明[2] 宋宪亮[1] WANG XiuXiu;XING AiShuang;YANG Ru;HE ShouPu;JIA YinHua;PAN ZhaoE;WANG LiRu;DU XiongMing;SONG XianLiang(Agronomy College,Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,Taian 271000,Shandong;Cotton Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology,Anyang 455000,Henan)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271000 [2]中国农业科学院棉花研究所/棉花生物学国家重点实验室,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2022年第6期1082-1094,I0004-I0025,共35页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0100203);山东省良种工程项目(2020LZGC002);山东省棉花产业技术体系(SDAIT-03-03/05)。

摘　　要：【目的】鉴定分析陆地棉种质的纤维品质、产量和早熟等性状,筛选综合评价指标,建立可靠的综合评价模型,为陆地棉品种选育提供理论支撑。【方法】以来源广泛的630份陆地棉种质为材料,在中国3个主要植棉区的8个环境下,对17个表型性状进行鉴定,使用R包“lme4”对表型性状数据进行最佳线性无偏估计(best linear unbiased prediction,BLUP),并用于后续分析。综合运用相关分析、主成分分析、隶属函数法、聚类分析和逐步回归等方法对陆地棉种质进行综合评价。【结果】陆地棉种质群体具有较高的遗传多样性,不同性状的多样性指数为1.961-2.084,并且存在明显的区域特异性。该群体的铃数、伸长率、纺纱均匀性指数和短绒率具有较大变异,纤维长度、纤维强度和生育期性状的变异较小。相关分析表明,多数性状间存在显著或极显著相关性,部分纤维品质性状之间存在极强相关性。通过主成分分析,将17个性状转换为6个独立的综合指标,其贡献率为5.860%-31.044%,累积贡献率达到82.642%。主成分分析可以很好地将该陆地棉群体的纤维品质性状、产量性状和农艺性状进行分类。利用隶属函数法计算表型综合值(F值),17个性状的表型值与F值均显著相关。发现F值高的材料(均值为0.668)的产量性状(铃数、单铃重、衣分和子指)和纤维品质性状(纤维长度、纤维整齐度、纤维强度、纺纱均匀性指数、短绒率和马克隆值)显著优于F值低的材料(均值为0.396),并且具有植株较高和生育期较长的特点。通过逐步回归建立了8个性状(铃数、吐絮期、单铃重、开花期、衣分、株高、果枝始节和纺纱均匀性指数)作为自变量的回归方程。基于F值进行系统聚类,将630份陆地棉种质划分为4类,第Ⅰ类为纤维品质优质型,包含118份材料;第Ⅱ类丰产型包含250份材料;第Ⅲ类为早熟型,包含51份材料;第Ⅳ类�【Objective】To analyze the fiber quality, yield, and early maturity of Upland cotton germplasm, screen the evaluation indicators comprehensively, establish a reliable evaluation model, and provide theoretical support for developing new Upland cotton varieties.【Method】 A total of 630 Upland cotton accessions selected from various sources were used to investigate 17 traits in 8environments in three major cotton-growing regions in China. The best linear unbiased prediction(BLUP) was estimated for phenotypic traits by utilizing R package “lme4” and used for further analysis, including correlation analysis, principal component analysis, affiliation function method, cluster analysis and stepwise regression to evaluate population characteristics.【Result】This upland cotton population had high genetic diversity with a diversity index ranging from 1.961 to 2.084, and significant regional specificity existed. The boll number, fiber elongation, spinning consistent index, and short fiber index of this population had considerable variation, while that of fiber length, fiber strength, and growth period traits was lower. Correlation analysis showed significant or highly significant correlations among most traits, and there was a strong correlation among some fiber quality traits.The 17 traits were converted into 6 independent composite indices through principal component analysis with a contribution range of 5.860%-31.044% and a cumulative contribution of 82.642%. Principal component analysis can classify the fiber quality traits, yield traits and agronomic traits in this upland cotton population. The comprehensive evaluation value(F value) of phenotypes was calculated using the affiliation function method, the phenotypes of 17 traits were all significantly correlated with F values. The result demonstrated that the accessions with high F values(mean value of 0.668) had significantly higher yield traits(boll number, boll weight, lint percentage, and seed index), fiber quality traits(fiber length, fiber length unifo

关 键 词：陆地棉 种质资源 主成分分析 聚类分析 综合评价 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]