北宋茶场探析  

An Analysis of Tea Farms in the Northern Song Dynasty

作　　者：刘振宇 Liu Zhenyu

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学人文学院历史研究所

出　　处：《农业考古》2022年第2期241-246,共6页Agricultural Archaeology

摘　　要：北宋的茶场主要有买茶场、卖茶场、合同场和水磨茶场等类型。北宋诸类型的茶场呈现出相对聚集的地理分布特点,买茶场主要分布在东南和西南地区,而卖茶场则主要分布在西北地区,另外水磨茶场则主要集中京畿地区。北宋对茶场的管理主要分为茶场官员的管理、茶场茶户的管理和茶场茶叶的管理等,并设立了茶场司、茶事司等机构负责直接管理茶场。北宋茶场的发展不仅促进了北宋茶产业的发展,还使中国古代茶场管理走向专业化、制度化,为现代茶园管理提供了一定的历史借鉴。Tea farms in the Northern Song Dynasty mainly include tea buying farms, tea selling farms, contract farms and water mill tea farms. Various types of tea farms in the Northern Song Dynasty showed the characteristics of relatively concentrated geographical distribution. The tea buying farms were mainly distributed in the southeast and southwest regions,while the tea selling farms were mainly distributed in the northwest, and the water mill tea farms were mainly concentrated in the Gyeonggi region. The management of tea farms in the Northern Song Dynasty was mainly divided into tea officials’ management, tea growers’ management and tea management, and established tea farm department, tea affairs department and other institutions to directly manage the tea farm. The development of tea farms in the Northern Song Dynasty not only promoted the development of tea industry in the Northern Song Dynasty, but also made the management of ancient Chinese tea farms more professional and institutionalized, which provided certain historical reference for modern tea garden management.

关 键 词：北宋 买茶场 卖茶场 合同场 茶场司 茶户 茶叶 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学]