纳布哈尼的宗教政治思想评析  

A Study on the Religious and Political Thoughts of An-Nabhani

作　　者：刘中民[1] 刘雪洁 Liu Zhongmin;Liu Xuejie

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学中东研究所 [2]上海外国语大学国际关系与公共事务学院、中东研究所

出　　处：《西亚非洲》2022年第2期3-25,156,共24页West Asia and Africa

基　　金：2016年度国家社科基金重大项目“全球伊斯兰极端主义”(16ZDA096)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：伊斯兰解放党的创始人纳布哈尼是著名的现代伊斯兰主义思想家,其思想为伊斯兰解放党提供了完整的意识形态体系,成为伊斯兰解放党从中东走向全球的核心支柱。而纳布哈尼思想中的泛伊斯兰主义、伊斯兰主义和伊斯兰极端主义内容也是导致伊斯兰解放党多重性质的根本原因。纳布哈尼的思想主要体现为三方面:首先是泛伊斯兰主义思想,具体表现为强调“乌玛”认同的重要性,倡导阿拉伯大团结,但反对阿拉伯民族主义;其次是伊斯兰主义思想,主要表现为不承认伊斯兰世界的现存国家,以重建“哈里发国家”为伊斯兰解放党的核心目标,并且细化了伊斯兰主义的“伊斯兰国家”思想;最后是伊斯兰极端主义思想,他强调伊斯兰与非伊斯兰矛盾的不可调和性,长期秉持“圣战”观念,建立了伊斯兰极端主义的“圣战”运动理论,并且重视思想的“圣战”。纳布哈尼是现代伊斯兰世界少有的重视思想传播的伊斯兰主义思想家,他巧妙地将伊斯兰的概念术语与现代政治语言结合,广泛而有效地吸引受众,对促使伊斯兰解放党发展成为全球性的伊斯兰组织发挥了重要作用。但纳布哈尼的宗教极端主义思想及其行为的危害不容忽视,需加以防范与打击。An-Nabhani,the founder of Hizb ut-Tahrir,is a well-known modern Islamist thinker.His ideas provide a complete ideological system for Hizb ut-Tahrir and become the core pillar of the party from the Middle East to the world.The content of Pan-Islamism,Islamism and Islamic extremism in An-Nabhani’s thought is the root of the multiple nature of Hizb ut-Tahrir.An-Nabhani’s thoughts are mainly embodied in three aspects.The first is Pan-Islamism,in which he emphasizes the importance of“Umma”identity,and advocates Arab unity,but opposes Arab nationalism.The second is Islamism,whose specific content is that he doesn’t recognize the existing countries in the Islamic world,and takes the reconstruction of the“Caliph State”as the party’s core goal,and refines the ideology of“Islamic State”.Finally,there is Islamic extremism,in which he emphasized the irreconcilable contradiction between Islamic civilization and non-Islamic civilizations;he has upheld the concept of“jihad”for long time and established the theory of Islamic extremism’s“jihad”movement,and he emphasized the“jihad”of thought.An-Nabhani is a rare Islamist thinker in the modern Islamic world who values the spread of ideas.He skillfully combined the concept and term of Islam with modern political language,which helped Hizb ut-Tahrir to attract a wide range of audiences effectively,and played an important role in promoting the party to develop into a global Islamic organization.

关 键 词：伊斯兰解放党 纳布哈尼 泛伊斯兰主义 伊斯兰主义 伊斯兰极端主义 

分 类 号：B968[哲学宗教—宗教学] D091[政治法律—政治学]