陕北子长煤三种无机抑制剂浮选脱硫降灰研究  

Research on Desulfurization and Ash Reduction of Zichang Coal from Northern Shaanxi Province through Three Inorganic Inhibitors by Flotation

作　　者：赵凯 李振[1,2] 于伟 刘莉君[1] 李学振[3] 常静 杨超 屈进州[1] ZHAO Kai;LI Zhen;YU Wei;LIU Lijun;LI Xuezhen;CHANG Jing;YANG Chao;QU Jinzhou(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China;Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Exploration and Comprehensive Utilization,Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi, China;Coal Washing & Preparation Center, Ningxia Coal Industry Co., Ltd, CHN ENERGY, ShiZuishan 753000, Ningxia, China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学化学与化工学院,陕西西安710054 [2]自然资源部煤炭资源勘查与综合利用重点实验室,陕西西安710021 [3]国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司洗选中心,宁夏石嘴山753000

出　　处：《矿产保护与利用》2022年第1期89-96,共8页Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金-新疆联合基金(U2003133);霍英东教育基金会高等院校青年教师基金(171102);陕西省技术创新引导专项-区域创新能力引导计划(2021QFY04-01);榆林市科技计划项目-产学研合作项目(2019-141)。

摘　　要：脱硫降灰是实现中高硫煤清洁利用的关键,而浮选法在细粒煤脱硫中占据了重要的地位。为了提高中高硫煤的浮选脱硫降灰效果,以陕北子长煤为研究对象,利用筛分及浮沉试验考察了原煤的颗粒特性,并对比了三种无毒无机抑制剂氧化钙(CaO)、硫酸铵[(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)]、十水合焦磷酸钠(Na_(4)P_(2)O_(7)·10H_(2)O)以及其组合抑制剂对原煤脱硫降灰效果的影响,并通过煤岩光片考察了浮选前后煤中黄铁矿的分布变化。结果表明,浮选后煤岩光片中的黄铁矿分布密度有效下降,CaO的脱硫降灰效果最好,(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)和其相近,Na_(4)P_(2)O_(7)·10H_(2)O脱灰效果次之,但几乎没有脱硫效果,CaO和(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)在用量分别为4000 g/t和1000 g/t时,精煤硫分最低均为1.83%,其脱硫效率最高分别为18.28%和12.35%,CaO和(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)组合药剂未展现较好的协同作用,脱硫脱灰效果均不及三种单种抑制剂,但对细粒煤的脱硫脱灰有一定的提升作用。CaO和(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)可作黄铁矿的抑制剂提高浮选的脱硫脱灰效率。Desulfurization and ash reduction are the key to clean utilization of medium and high sulfur coal,and flotation plays an important role in fine coal desulfurization.In order to improve the desulfurization and ash reduction effect of medium and high sulfur coal by flotation,taking Zichang coal from northern Shaanxi as the research object,the particle characteristics of raw coal were investigated by screening and float-sink test,and the distribution changes of pyrite in coal before and after flotation were investigated by coal petrography.The desulfurization and ash reduction effects of three non-toxic inorganic corrosion inhibitors:calcium oxide(CaO),ammonium sulfate(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4),sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate(Na_(4)P_(2)O_(7)·10H_(2)O)and their combination inhibitors were compared.The results show that the distribution density of pyrite decreases effectively after flotation,CaO has the best desulfurization and ash reduction effect,which is similar to(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4),followed by Na_(4)P_(2)O_(7)·10H_(2)O,but Na_(4)P_(2)O_(7)·10H_(2)O has almost no desulfurization effect.When the dosage of CaO and(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) is 4000 g·t^(-1) and 1000 g·t^(-1),respectively,the sulfur content of cleaned coal is the lowest 1.83%.The highest desulfurization efficiency of CaO and(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) is 18.28%and 12.35%,respectively.The desulfurization and deashing effect of CaO and(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) is not as good as the three single inhibitors,but it can improve the desulfurization and deashing effect of fine coal to a certain extent.CaO and(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) can be used as pyrite inhibitors to improve the desulfurization and the deashing efficiency of flotation.

关 键 词：煤 浮选 无机抑制剂 氧化钙 硫酸铵 脱硫降灰 脱硫效率 

分 类 号：TD943.14[矿业工程—选矿] TD923