罗非鱼低温调湿热泵干燥机研制及产业化应用  

Development and Industrial Application of Low Temperature Humidity Regulating Heat Pump Dryer for Drying Tilapia

作　　者：龙成树 陈永春 汤石生 吴耀森 肖波 刘军 Long Chengshu;Chen Yongchun;Tang Shisheng;Wu Yaosen;Xiao Bo;Liu Jun(Guangdong Institute of Modern Agricultural Equipment,Guangzhou 510630,China;Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Intelligent Equipment in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.China,Guangzhou 510630,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省现代农业装备研究所,广东广州510630 [2]农业农村部华南现代农业智能装备重点实验室,广东广州510630

出　　处：《现代农业装备》2022年第2期49-55,共7页Modern Agricultural Equipment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2019YFD0901803);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(粤财农〔2021〕170号);广东省级乡村振兴战略专项项目(2021KJ101);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2018B020241003)。

摘　　要：研究了热泵干燥机低温运行的工况,突破了融霜关键技术,解决了低温运行中蒸发器结霜后难处理的问题,该技术相比传统热氟融霜制冷量提高了约10%。针对罗非鱼低温干燥效率不高的难题,以罗非鱼为原料,设计了不同预处理和温度干燥试验,得到罗非鱼低温冷热交替干燥的切换点为物料含水量降至60%左右。集成融霜技术研制了批次产量为1000 kg的5HRB-1000S型低温调湿热泵干燥机,以低盐腌制的开背罗非鱼为原料,完成了多批次烘干产业化应用试验,产能达标。应用结果表明,设定温度为5~10℃,相对湿度为45%~65%,干燥至半干鱼约需6 d,较5℃低温烘干提高了效率100%,单位去水能耗为474.39 g/kW·h,较同等厚度规格传统高温干燥节能15.44%,干燥至全干鱼约需10 d。检测所得产品的主要成分均达到腌制水产品国家标准,产业化应用效果良好。The low-temperature operation condition of heat pump dryer is studied,the key technology of defrosting is broken through,and the treatment problem of evaporator frosting in low-temperature operation is solved.Compared with the traditional hot fluorine defrosting,the refrigeration capacity of this technology is increased by about 10%.In view of the low efficiency of low-temperature drying of tilapia,different pretreatment and temperature drying experiments were designed with tilapia as raw material.It was obtained that the switching point of low-temperature alternating cold and heat drying of tilapia was that the water content of the material was reduced to about 60%.5HBR-1000S low temperature humidity regulating heat pump dryer with batch output of 1000 kg was developed by integrated defrosting technology.With low salt pickled tilapia as raw material,multi batch drying industrialization application test was completed,and the production capacity reached the design standard.The application results show that the set temperature is 5~10℃and the relative humidity is 45%~65%.It takes about 6 days to dry the semi dry fish,which improves the efficiency by 100%compared with the low-temperature drying at 5℃.The energy consumption per unit of water removal is 474.39 g/kW·h,which saves 15.44%energy compared with the traditional high-temperature drying with the same thickness specification,and it takes about 10 days to dry the fully dry fish.The main components of the tested products have reached the national standard of pickled aquatic products,and the industrial application effect is good.

关 键 词：低温调湿 热泵 冷热交替 整鱼干燥 产业化 

分 类 号：TS213.2[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程] S226.6[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]