2003-2019年蒙古高原多年冻土时空动态变化及其影响因素分析  

Temporal and spatial characteristics of permafrost on Mongolian Plateau from 2003 to 2019

作　　者：高红豆 萨楚拉[1,2] 孟凡浩 罗敏 王牧兰[1,2] 张昊琛 ADIYA Saruulzaya GAO Hongdou;SA Chula;MENG Fanhao;LUO Min;WANG Mulan;ZHANG Haochen;ADIYA Saruulzaya(College of Geographical Science,Hohhot 010022;Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022;Institute of Geography and Geoecology,Mongolian Academy of Science,Ulaanbaatar 15170,Mongolia)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院,呼和浩特010022 [2]内蒙古自治区遥感与地理信息系统重点实验室,呼和浩特010022 [3]蒙古科学院地理与地球生态研究所,乌兰巴托15170

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2022年第3期99-106,共8页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41861014);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2020BS03042,2020BS04009)资助。

摘　　要：基于1km的MODIS地表温度产品(MOD11A1和MYD11A1),使用地表冻结数模型反演2003-2019年蒙古高原多年冻土分布。在此基础上,提出了一种将识别冻土分布的逻辑值转化为定量计算多年冻土变化率的方法,分析蒙古高原多年冻土时空变化特征及其影响因素。主要结果表明:蒙古高原多年冻土面积约57.07×10^(4)km^(2);空间上,105°E以东多年冻土退化程度大于以西地区;相较其他土地覆盖类型,森林和草甸草原下的多年冻土退化更显著;时间上,多年冻土随纬度和海拔变化呈现明显差异,其中500~2500m范围多年冻土变化尤为显著;影响因子对多年冻土面积影响的方差贡献度排序为:NDVI>雪盖>雪深>表层土壤水>降水>冬季太阳辐射,表明靠近活动层顶部的植被、雪盖和雪深对多年冻土分布影响最大,且多年冻土面积减少显著的区域与植被NDVI显著上升区域及105°E以东积雪大面积融化甚至消失的区域具有一致性。Based on 1 km MODIS land surface temperature products(MOD11 A1 and MYD11 A1),the distribution of permafrost on the Mongolian Plateau from 2003 to 2019 was retrieved by using the surface frost number model.On this basis,a method to convert the logical value of identifying permafrost into quantitative calculation of permafrost changing rate was proposed,and the temporal and spatial changing characteristics and the factors influencing permafrost on the Mongolian Plateau were analyzed.The results show that the permafrost area of Mongolian Plateau is about 57.07×10^(4)km^(2).Spatially,the permafrost degradation in the east of 105°E is greater than that in the west.Compared with other land cover types,permafrost degradation under forest and meadow grassland is more significant.In time,permafrost varies significantly with latitude and altitude,especially in the range of 500~2500 m.The order of variance contribution of influencing factors to permafrost area is:NDVI>snow cover>snow depth>surface soil moisture>precipitation>winter solar radiation,indicating that vegetation,snow cover and snow depth near the top of active layer have the greatest impact on the distribution of permafrost.The area where the permafrost area decreases significantly is consistent with the area where the NDVI of vegetation increases significantly and the area in the east of 105°E where the snow melts or even disappears in a large area.

关 键 词：多年冻土 地表冻结数模型 影响因素 蒙古高原 

分 类 号：P642.14[天文地球—工程地质学]