国民政府战时粮政体制与乡村社会动员  

Wartime Grain Policy System of the National Government and Rural Social Mobilization

作　　者：胡忆红[1] HU Yi-Hong(Hunan University of science and technology,School of humanities,Xiangtan 411201,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学人文学院,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《河北学刊》2022年第3期34-41,共8页Hebei Academic Journal

基　　金：2014年度教育部人文社会科学青年项目“国民政府粮政体制改革与决策效能研究”(14YJC770009)。

摘　　要：“建国”话语下的国民政府粮政体制建设,展示了现代国家建设的艰难、契机与异化。抗战时期,出于抗战和社会动员的需要,国民政府设立中央—省—县—乡镇四级粮政体制,保障国家粮政意志、任务的传达与落实,以及农村广大物力、财力的征集,为国民政府坚持持久抗战,进而树立在乡村社会的权威发挥了重要作用。国民政府战时粮政的成功在很大程度上得益于现代粮政体制及其对乡村社会的动员与整合。抗战胜利后,国民政府推行内战建国,将粮政体制异化为掠夺和榨取农民的工具,现代粮政体制反而成为国民政府建构现代国家的巨大负累。行政体制在现代国家建构中只有具有人民性,才能保障行政效能和社会效应的吻合。The grain administrative system construction of of Nationalist Govemment shows the difficul⁃ties,opportunities and alienation of modern national construction.During the Anti Japanese War,the central-provincial-county-township four-level grain administration system was established,which en⁃sured the transmission and implementation of the national grain administration will and tasks,as well as the collection of the vast material and financial resources in the countryside.It played an important role in the victory of the Anti Japanese war.it was conducive to the penetration of the Nationalist Party Govemment power and the establishment of its authority in the rural society.After the war,the Nationalist Govemment carried out the civil war and established the country,and alienated the grain administration system as a tool to plunder and extract farmers.Instead,the modern grain administration system has be⁃come a huge burden for the Nationalist Govemment to construct a modern country.Only when the admin⁃istrative system has the character of the people in the construction of a modern country,it can ensure the coincidence of administrative efficiency and social effect.

关 键 词：国民政府 粮政体制 乡村动员 人民性 

分 类 号：K26[历史地理—历史学]