从社会救赎到国家救赎:北京社会实进会与“社会服务”理念的在地化(1912-1920)  

From Social Salvation to National Salvation:The Peking Students Social Service Club and the Localization of the Concept of“Social Service”

作　　者：李伟玉 LI Wei-yu(Department of History,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学历史学系,北京100871

出　　处：《河北学刊》2022年第3期208-214,共7页Hebei Academic Journal

基　　金：2019年度国家留学基金项目“燕京大学社会学发展中的美国影响”(201906010146)。

摘　　要：近代中国的“社会服务”理念虽然起源于西方,但其内涵存在着重大的在地化转变。20世纪初,北京青年会传教士步济时等人将美国基督教界的“社会服务”(social service)引入中国,并与中国学生共同成立了中国最早的“社会服务”团体——北京社会实进会。无疑,步济时在中国发起社会服务受到了美国“社会福音”中的“社会救赎”观念的影响。然而,作为对中国学生救国关怀的一种回应,“社会服务”逐渐与构建现代中国的理想产生联系。在实践中,实进会的中国学生将“社会服务”的意义重新诠释为在知识、道德和身体三个方面塑造现代“国民”。“社会服务”的意义因此由“社会救赎”转变为“国家救赎”,成为近代中国救国思潮中一种值得注意的形式。Although the Concept of“social service”originated in the West,its connotation in modern China was localized significantly.In the early twentieth century,John S.Burgess,a missionary of the Pe⁃king YMCA,introduced“social service”to China,which had been widely practiced by American Chris⁃tians,and initiated with Chinese students the“Peking Students’Social Service Club”,the first social service organization in China.Undoubtedly,Burgess’s initiative was inspired by the idea of“social sal⁃vation”under the tradition of“social gospel.”However,as a response to Chinese students’concern for saving the nation,“social service”became associated with the ideal of building a modern China.In prac⁃tice,the Chinese students of the Club reinterpreted the meaning of“social service”as shaping modern“national citizens”along the lines of knowledge,morality and body.“Social service”changed from the way of“social salvation”to that of“national salvation,”and is a noteworthy form of the thought of na⁃tional salvation in modern China.

关 键 词：社会服务 北京社会实进会 步济时 社会福音 在地化 

分 类 号：C913.7[经济管理]