微生物菌剂强化餐厨垃圾和污泥联合堆肥  

Co-composting of food waste and sludge enhanced by microbial agents

作　　者：曹秀芹[1,2] 刘超磊 朱开金 潘亚红 CAO Xiuqin;LIU Chaolei;ZHU Kaijin;PAN Yahong(Key Laboratory of Urban Storm Water System and Water Environment Ministry of Education,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China;School of Environment and Energy Engineering,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China;Department of Materials Engineering,Taiyuan Institute of Technology,Taiyuan 030008,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学城市雨水系统与水环境省部共建教育部重点实验室,北京100044 [2]北京建筑大学环境与能源工程学院,北京100044 [3]太原工学院材料工程系,太原030008

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2022年第2期576-583,共8页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目(201803D31074)。

摘　　要：为探究微生物菌剂对餐厨垃圾和污泥联合好氧堆肥的影响,以餐厨垃圾和污泥(湿重1∶1)混合原料为堆肥底物,添加底物总湿重30%的废木屑作为膨胀剂,向底物中分别加入微生物菌剂和腐熟堆肥为处理组,并以不添加外源物作为对照,通过测定堆肥过程中的理化性质、腐熟效果和营养元素的变化,考察菌剂和腐熟堆肥对联合堆肥的促进作用。结果表明,微生物菌剂和腐熟堆肥的添加均能提高联合堆肥的肥效和腐熟效果,但菌剂的作用更佳。在微生物菌剂的作用下,堆体温度快速升高,并且可将高温期延长到5 d;经15 d快速堆肥,体系内含水率下降了18.31%,挥发性固体减少量达5.95%;添加菌剂的处理组在堆肥结束时的种子发芽指数最高,为258.54%,总氮浓度升高了10.70%,碳氮比减少了15%,这说明微生物菌剂有助于提高堆肥腐熟和肥效。微生物菌剂对餐厨垃圾与污泥联合好氧堆肥的减量和腐殖化有着更好的促进作用。本研究结果可为餐厨垃圾和污泥堆肥资源化处理提供参考。The effects of inoculating microbial agents were investigated during aerobic co-composting of food waste and sludge.The mixed raw materials of food waste and sludge(wet weight 1:1)were used as the composting substrates,in which the waste sawdust with 30%of the total wet weight of the substrates was added as the conditioning agents.Microbial agents and mature compost were inoculated into the substrates as the treatment groups,and without exogenous substances inoculation was defined as CK.By measuring the changes of physical and chemical properties,maturity effects and nutrient elements in the process of composting,the promoting functions were examined in terms of microbial agents and mature compost on co-composting.The results demonstrated that both of the microbial agents and mature compost could promote the fertilizer efficiency and maturity of co-composting,but by contrast,microbial agents could bring about better results.The temperature of the pile with microbial agents increased rapidly,as well as the high temperature period was extended to 5 days.The water content of the system decreased by 18.31%,and volatile solid had a 5.95%decline.At the end of composting,the treatment group inoculated with microbial agents showed the highest germination index,which reached 258.54%.Under the function of microbial agents,the pile’s total nitrogen concentration increased by 10.70%,and its carbon nitrogen ratio showed a 15%decrease,indicating that microbial agents were conducive to improve compost maturity and fertilizer efficiency.In conclusion,microbial agents exerted a better influence on food waste and sludge aerobic co-composting,which would provide some references for the resourceful treatment of food and sludge.

关 键 词：微生物菌剂 餐厨垃圾 污泥 好氧堆肥 资源化利用 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]