重庆市护理人力资源配置现状及公平性研究  

Study on the current status and fairness of nursing human resources allocation in Chongqing

作　　者：刘宪丽[1] 冯晓 熊英[1] 许文馨 LIU Xianli;FENG Xiao;XIONG Ying;XU Wenxin(Department of Nephrology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China;Department of Nursing,the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属第一医院肾内科,400016 [2]重庆医科大学附属第一医院护理部,400016

出　　处：《重庆医学》2022年第8期1408-1411,1416,共5页Chongqing medicine

基　　金：重庆市科卫联合项目(2020FYYX003)。

摘　　要：目的深入分析2016-2020年的重庆市护理人力资源配置情况,为推动重庆市护理人力资源优化配置提供有益的借鉴参考。方法通过研究《重庆卫生健康统计年鉴》《中国卫生健康统计年鉴》数据,分析2016-2020年重庆市注册护士基本情况,并运用洛伦兹曲线和基尼系数对2020年重庆市护理人力资源配置公平性进行评价。结果2016-2020年重庆市注册护士数逐年增长,每千人口注册护士数、医护较全国平均水平略高,床护比略低于全国平均水平,注册护士配置总量仍有发展空间。在护理人力资源配置公平性方面,按照人口、地域面积配置的基尼系数分别为0.20、0.58,前者公平性优于后者。此外,护理人力资源在重庆市“一区两群”、不同机构间配置不均衡。结论重庆市在护理人力资源配置方面得到有效改善,但对护士数量需求仍有较大缺口。Objective To analyze the allocation of nursing human resources in Chongqing from 2016 to 2020,and to provide a reference for optimizing the allocation of nursing human resources in Chongqing.Methods Descriptive analysis of the current status of registered nurses in Chongqing from 2016 to 2020 was performed with the data of Chongqing Health Statistics Yearbook and China Health Statistics Yearbook,and the fairness of nursing human resource allocation in Chongqing in 2020 was evaluated by Lorentz curve and Gini coefficient.Results From 2016 to 2020 the number of registered nurses in Chongqing increased yearly,and the number of registered nurses per 1000 population,ratio of physicians to nurses was slightly higher,bed-to-nurse ratio was slightly lower than the national average,and the total registered nurse allocation still has room for development.In terms of fairness of registered nurses allocation,Gini coefficient according to resident population and regional area were 0.20 and 0.58,and the former fairness was better than the latter.In addition,the allocation of nursing human resources in Chongqing,"one district and two groups",and between different institutions was unbalanced.Conclusion The allocation of nursing human resources in Chongqing has improved significantly,but the total number of nurses is still insufficient.

关 键 词：护理 人力资源 注册护士 卫生服务公平性 配置 洛伦兹曲线 基尼系数 

分 类 号：R192.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]