某型号汽车起重机发动机高速空载状态热特性分析  

Thermal Characteristics Analysis of a Certain Type of Truck Crane Engine under Highspeed No-load Condition

作　　者：陈晋市 张志伟 刘冠男 何春晖 杨书伟 魏星[3] CHEN Jinshi;ZHANG Zhiwei;LIU Guannan;HE Chunhui;YANG Shuwei;WEI Xing(School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130025,China;CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130062,China;Vocational Foundation Department,Changchun Vocational Institute of Technology,Changchun 130033,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学机械与航空航天工程学院,吉林长春130025 [2]中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司,吉林长春130062 [3]长春职业技术学院职业基础部,吉林长春130033

出　　处：《湖南大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第4期177-185,共9页Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：高压柱塞泵/马达可靠性与寿命实验评估技术研究(2018YFB2000902)。

摘　　要：为解决某型号汽车起重机散热效果差的问题,研究其液压系统原理,根据主要元件的产热与散热特性,建立了液压系统的热平衡数学模型;基于AMESim软件建立了汽车起重机在发动机高速空载状态下的热液压系统仿真模型,并通过实验对比散热器进出口的温度验证了仿真模型的准确性;分析了发动机高速空载工况下4个泵的压力损失特性.结果表明:2号泵能量损失最大,约38%,由多路阀和中心回转体的能量损失而产生的热量是液压系统的主要产热源;3号泵和4号泵的回油产热也较大,且由于原始设计中回油没有经过冷却处理,导致汽车起重机液压系统整体的散热效果较差.通过将回转系统和控制系统的回油引入散热器,改进后的多路阀各口出口温度降低,油箱的出口温度也明显降低,提高了液压系统的散热效果,改进合理有效,为今后改进汽车起重机液压系统的热管理控制策略提供了指导.In order to solve the problem of poor heat dissipation effect of a certain type of truck crane,the prin⁃ciple of its hydraulic system was studied.According to the heat generation and heat dissipation characteristics of the main components,the mathematical model of heat balance of the hydraulic system was established.Based on the soft⁃ware AMESim,a simulation model of the thermal hydraulic system of the truck crane in the no-load state of the en⁃gine was established,and the accuracy of the simulation model was verified by comparing the temperature of the ra⁃diator inlet and outlet.The pressure loss characteristics of four pumps under high speed no-load condition were ana⁃lyzed.The results show that the energy loss of No.2 pump is the largest,about 38%.The heat generated by the en⁃ergy loss of the multi-way valve and the center rotating body is the main heat source of the hydraulic system.No.3 pump and No.4 pump return oil heat production are also large,but because the original design of the return oil is not cooled,resulting in a poor overall heat dissipation effect of the hydraulic system of the truck crane.By introducing the return oil of the rotary system and the control system into the radiator,the improved multi-way valve outlet tempera⁃ture is reduced,and the outlet temperature of the oil tank is also significantly reduced,which improves the heat dissi⁃pation effect of the hydraulic system.The improvement is reasonable and effective,and provides guidance for improv⁃ing the thermal management and control strategy of the hydraulic system of the truck crane in the future.

关 键 词：汽车起重机 发动机高速空载 热平衡 AMESIM 实验验证 改进 

分 类 号：TH243[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]