我国刑法制裁体系的反思与完善  

Reflection and Perfection of China’s Criminal Law Sanction System

作　　者：彭文华 Peng Wenhua

机构地区：[1]上海政法学院

出　　处：《中国法学》2022年第2期124-143,共20页China Legal Science

基　　金：2020年度国家社科基金重大项目“网络时代的社会治理与刑法体系的理论创新”(项目批准号:20&ZD199)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：刑法制裁体系对实现刑法目的至关重要。基于犯罪治理能力和治理体系现代化需要,我国刑法制裁体系需要与时俱进,完成由工具主义制裁观到目的主义制裁观的锐变。刑事制裁体系应当迎合情势变更与刑事政策变化需要,立足于刑事一体化,强化不同制裁方法与制度的协同性与功能性,从强调结果正义过渡到侧重分配正义。完善刑法制裁体系,应当以分配正义理论为指导,充分发挥刑法制裁的体系性功能,实现刑法制裁体系的内部沟通与外部协调。为此,需要在宏观层面上构建二元化刑法制裁方法体系和双轨制刑法制裁制度体系。对于具体的刑法制裁方法和制度,需要打破它们之间的藩篱,并在结构上加以类型化和优化。针对单位犯罪范畴的拓展、网络犯罪的泛起以及轻微犯罪发案率的不断攀升等,刑法制裁方法应实现多元化、专业化与开放化。为制衡刑罚权的运用,应当强化当事人权益保护,完善刑法制裁的程序保障。The system of criminal law sanction is very important to realize the purpose of criminal law.Based on the ability of crime governance and the modernization of governance system,China’s criminal law sanction system needs to keep pace with the times and complete the sharp change from instrumentalism to purposivism.The criminal sanction system should cater to the needs of changing situations and criminal policy,strengthen the synergy and function of different sanction methods and systems from the standpoint of criminal integration,and emphasize the transition from result-oriented justice to distributive justice.Under the guidance of distributive justice theory,the perfection of the criminal law sanction system needs to give full play to the systematic function of the criminal law sanction system and realize the internal communication and external coordination of the criminal law sanction system.Therefore,it is necessary to construct a dualistic criminal law sanction method system and a dual track criminal law sanction system at the macro level.As for the specific methods and systems of criminal law sanctions,it is necessary to break down the barriers between them,and to categorize and optimize the structure.In view of the expansion of the scope of the unit crime,the rise of network crime and the rising rate of minor crime,the methods of criminal law sanctions should be diversified,specialized and open.In order to balance the use of penalty power,we should strengthen the protection of the rights and interests of the parties and perfect the procedural guarantee of criminal law sanctions.

关 键 词：刑法制裁体系 刑法制裁方法 刑法制裁制度 分配正义 

分 类 号：D924.1[政治法律—刑法学]