2011—2020年湖北省竹山县肺结核流行特征分析  

Analysis of Tuberculosis Prevalence in Zhushan County of Hubei Province from 2011—2020

作　　者：孙长喜[1] 刘兴宝[1] 陈娇 董雷[1] SUN Chang-xi;LIU Xing-bao;CHEN Jiao;DONG Lei(Zhushan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zushan,Hubei,442200,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省竹山县疾病预防控制中心,湖北竹山442200

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2022年第3期88-90,93,共4页Chinese Primary Health Care

基　　金：2021年中央财政重大传染病防控项目——结核病防治项目(Z195110010004)。

摘　　要：目的:分析湖北省竹山县肺结核流行特征,为制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法:利用中国疾病预防控制系统中的传染病监测系统,统计并导出2011—2020年竹山县肺结核患者资料,对竹山县肺结核流行特征进行分析。结果:2011—2020年竹山县肺结核平均报告发病率71.57/10万,疫情分布于17个乡镇,发病率以[55, 65)岁年龄组最高,15岁以下年龄组明显低于平均报告发病率(χ^(2)=506.68,P<0.01),[35, 75)岁年龄组发病率明显高于平均报告发病率(χ^(2)=134.10,P<0.01);男性报告发病率(100.12/10万)明显高于女性(38.35/10万)(χ^(2)=612.08,P<0.01);发病职业以农民为主,占86.77%;四季均可发病,以3、5月报告发病较多。结论:竹山县肺结核报告发病率近年来呈下降趋势,但仍高于全国和全省平均水平。结核病负担仍十分严重,仍是制约农村地区经济和社会发展的重大疾病之一。各级政府应增加财政投入,加大监管力度,以保障农民工的身体健康。同时应加强人群聚集的工地、大型厂矿、学校等单位的结核病监测管理,以及时发现、管理传染源,遏制疫情的高发态势。OBJECTIVE To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in Zhushan county of Hubei province,and to provide the scientific evidence for making the prevention measures.METHODS The epidemic situation of pulmonary tuberculosis in Zhushan county from 2011 to 2020 was calculated and derived by using the infectious disease monitoring system.RESULTS The average incidence rate incidence of tuberculosis in Zhushan County was 71.57/10000 in 2011—2020.The epidemic situation was distributed in 17 townships,the age of onset was the highest in 55 to 64 age group,and the age group below 15 was significantly low⁃er than the average incidence rate(χ^(2)=506.68,P<0.01),and the 35~75 years old age group was significantly higher than the aver⁃age incidence rate(χ^(2)=134.10,P<0.01).The incidence rate of male(100.12/100000)was significantly higher than that of fe⁃male(38.35/100000)(χ^(2)=612.08,P<0.01).Farmers were the main occupations,accounting for 86.77%;the disease could occur in four seasons,with more reports in March and May.CONCLUSION The reported incidence rate of tuberculosis in Zhushan county had been decreasing in recent years,but it was still higher than the average level of the whole country and the whole province.The burden of tuberculosis was still very serious,and it was still one of the major diseases that restrict the economic and social develop⁃ment in rural areas.Governments at all levels should increase financial investment and strengthen supervision to ensure the health of migrant workers.At the same time,it should strengthen the monitoring and management of tuberculosis,such as construction sites,large factories,mines and schools,and find and manage the source of infection and curb the epidemic situation.

关 键 词：肺结核 流行特征 农民工 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]