闽南山地树种转换对土壤碳氮磷及化学计量的影响  

Effects of Tree Species Transformation on Soil Carbon,Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Stoichiometry in Mountainous Areas of Southern Fujian

作　　者：赵文东 李凯 朱传晟 杨启帆 沈健 林熙 何宗明[1] 丁国昌[2] ZHAO Wendong;LI Kai;ZHU Chuansheng;YANG Qifan;SHEN Jian;LIN Xi;HE Zongming;DING Guochang(Forestry College,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian China;College of Arts&Landscape Architecture,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福建福州350002 [2]福建农林大学艺术园林学院,福建福州350002

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2022年第2期299-310,共12页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31800532)。

摘　　要：【目的】为了解闽南山地杉木转换为固氮树种黑木相思和速生树种桉树后,对土壤碳氮磷储量及化学计量特征的改善状况。【方法】以杉木采伐迹地上营造的3种同林龄人工林(杉木、桉树、黑木相思)为研究对象,采集林下0~10,10~20和20~40 cm土层的土壤样品,测定其有机碳、全氮、全磷、pH及6项物理性质(容重、最大持水量、最小持水量、毛管持水量、非毛管孔隙度、毛管孔隙度),并计算其化学计量。【结果】桉树和黑木相思土壤的有机碳含量显著高于杉木土壤,3种林分土壤的有机碳和全氮含量随着土层加深显著降低,全磷含量受土层和树种的影响较小;单因素方差分析显示3种林分土壤的C∶N、C∶P、N∶P和C∶N∶P随土层的变化未表现出一致的规律,但整体表现为随着土层加深而降低,黑木相思和桉树土壤的C∶N、C∶P、N∶P整体高于杉木土壤,3种林分土壤的化学计量均处于中等变异水平;土壤容重与有机碳、全氮、C∶N、C∶P、N∶P呈显著负相关,最大持水量、最小持水量、毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度与有机碳全氮及化学计量比均具有显著相关性,一元线性回归分析显示有机碳与全氮、C∶N、C∶P均呈极显著正相关,全氮与C∶N和N∶P呈极显著正相关;双因素方差分析显示林分类型和土层深度均对土壤的有机碳、全氮、全磷含量、C∶N、C∶P、N∶P具有不同程度的显著影响,但二者的交互作用对其影响却未达显著水平。【结论】杉木转换为固氮树种黑木相思和速生树种桉树会显著提高土壤碳氮含量及化学计量,有助于土壤养分的改善。[Objective]In order to understand the improvement of soil carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus storage and stoichiometric characteristics after the conversion of Cunninghamia lanceolata into nitrogen-fixing tree Acacia melanoxylon and fast-growing Eucalyptus robusta in the mountainous area of southern Fujian.[Method]In this study,soil samples of 0-10 cm,10-20 cm,and 20-40 cm were collected from three subtropical plantations(Cunninghamia lanceolata,Eucalyptus robusta,and Acacia melanoxylon)of the same age,and their organic carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,pH and six physical properties(bulk density,maximum water holding capacity,minimum water holding capacity,capillary water holding capacity,non-capillary porosity,capillary porosity),were determined and their stoichiometric ratios were calculated.[Result]The results showed that the content of organic carbon in Eucalyptus robusta and Acacia melanoxylon soil was significantly higher than that in Cunninghamia lanceolata soil.The soil organic carbon and total nitrogen content of the three stands decreased significantly with the deepening of soil layer,and the total phosphorus content was less affected by soil layer and tree species.One-way ANOVA showed that the changes of C∶N,C∶P,N∶P,and C∶N∶P in the soil of the three stands did not show the same rule,but decreased with the deepening of the soil layer.The C∶N,C∶P and N∶P of Acacia melanoxylon and Eucalyptus robusta soils were higher than those of Cunninghamia lanceolata soil as a whole,and the soil stoichiometry of the three stands were all at a moderate level of variation.Soil bulk density was significantly negatively correlated with organic carbon,total nitrogen,C∶N,C∶P,and N∶P,while maximum water holding capacity,minimum water holding capacity,capillary porosity,and non-capillary porosity were significantly correlated with total nitrogen and stoichiometric ratio of organic carbon.The unary linear regression showed that organic carbon was significantly positively correlated with total nitrogen,

关 键 词：人工林 固氮树种 土壤物理性质 土壤养分 生态化学计量 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]