‘红阳’猕猴桃果园土壤养分与果实品质关系的多元分析及优化方案  

Multivariate Analysis and Optimization of Relationship between Soil Nutrients and Fruit Quality in Hongyang Kiwifruit Orchard

作　　者：高柱[1,2] 陈璐 张小丽 毛积鹏 樊志鹏 卢玉鹏 王小玲 GAO Zhu;CHEN Lu;ZHANG Xiaoli;MAO Jipeng;FAN Zhipeng;LU Yupeng;WANG Xiaoling(Institute of Biological Resources,Jiangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanchang 330096,China;Jinggangshan Institute of Biotechnology,Ji’an,Jiangxi 343016,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省科学院生物资源研究所,江西南昌330096 [2]井冈山生物技术研究院,江西吉安343016

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2022年第2期358-367,共10页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：江西省重点研发计划项目(20212BBF61006,20181BBF60009,2021YSBG21019)。

摘　　要：【目的】为阐明猕猴桃果园土壤养分对果实品质形成的影响,探讨适宜生产优质‘红阳’猕猴桃果园的土壤养分方案,为果园提质增效提供理论依据。【方法】对江西省奉新县5个10年生‘红阳’猕猴桃果园土壤养分、果实品质进行测定,采用典型相关性分析、多元回归、线性规划等多元统计分析方法,筛选影响果实品质的主要土壤养分因子。【结果】(1)5个供试果园土壤pH为4.74~5.11的酸性土壤,有机质含量与养分含量总体水平充足,其中有效态铁、有效态锰、有效态锌和有效态铜等微量元素含量处于高量水平。(2)相关性分析结果显示,果实品质受土壤养分种类及含量影响差异显著。果实外观指标、单果质量及内在品质指标(除可滴定酸外)与多数土壤养分因子呈不同程度的正相关,其中单果质量与交换性镁含量呈显著正相关,干物质含量与有效态铁、pH呈显著正相关,可溶性糖与交换性镁、有效铁含量及土壤水分呈正相关,抗坏血酸含量与速效钾、有效硼含量呈显著正相关。(3)典型相关性分析和多元回归分析显示,果实品质是土壤养分综合作用的结果,其中有效态铜含量对果实品质表现为负向效应影响,而交换性镁、有效硼、有效态铁、有机质含量及pH对果实品质提升具有正向促进效应。(4)通过线性规划求解出当果园土壤有机质含量大于20.47%、交换性镁为336.87~437.49 mg/kg、有效态铁为59.1 mg/kg、有效态铜为1.12~2.19 mg/kg、有效硼为1.58 mg/kg、pH为6.5时,‘红阳’猕猴桃果实品质可达最佳。【结论】奉新县‘红阳’猕猴桃果园中大量元素供给水平较高,微量元素含量充足,今后栽培管理应加强土壤pH调节,控制微量元素铜肥的施用,同时平衡施用镁、铁、硼肥等矿质养分,可达到提高果园产量、提升果实品质的目标。[Objective]This study aims to clarify the effects of soil nutrients on fruit quality in kiwifruit orchards.By exploring the soil nutrient scheme suitable for the production of high quality Hongyang kiwifruit orchard,this study provides a theoretical basis for improving quality and efficiency of orchard production.[Method]The soil nutrients and fruit quality of five orchards planting 10-year-old Hongyang kiwifruit in Fengxin County,Jiangxi Province were measured.Typical correlation analysis,multiple regression,linear programming and other multivariate statistical analysis methods were used to screen out the main soil nutrient factors affecting fruit quality.[Result](1)The soil pH of five tested orchards was 4.74-5.11,the level of organic contents and soil nutrients were adequate,and the contents of trace elements such as available Fe,available Mn,available Zn and available Cu were all at a high level.(2)Correlation analysis showed that fruit quality was affected by the contents and types of soil nutrients.Fruit shape index,fruit mass and internal quality index(except titratable acid)were in positive correlation with most soil nutrient factors to varying degrees.Specifically,fruit mass and content of exchangeable Mg content were in significantly positive correlation;dry matter content and content of effective Fe,pH was also in significantly positive correlation;soluble sugar and content of exchangeable Mg,available Fe and soil moisture were in positive correlation;ascorbic acid content was also positively correlated with content of available K and available B.(3)Typical correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis showed that the fruit quality was the result of the comprehensive effect of soil nutrients.Content of available Cu had a negative effect on fruit quality,while content of exchangeable Mg,available B,available Fe,organic matter and pH had a positive effect on fruit quality improvement.(4)Linear programming was used to solve the pH and nutrient range of orchard soil.When organic matter content was

关 键 词：‘红阳’猕猴桃 土壤养分 果实品质 多元统计分析 优化方案 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学]