宁夏荒漠草原短花针茅丛“肥岛”效应研究  

Study on “Fertilizer island” Effect of Stipa Breviflora in Desert Grassland in Ningxia

作　　者：张玉萍 宋乃平[3] 王兴[3] Zhang Yuping;Song Naiping;Wang Xing(Xinhua College of Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China,Ningxia University/Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in North-western China of Ministry of Education,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学新华学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021 [3]宁夏大学西北土地退化与生态恢复国家重点实验室培育基地/西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《宁夏大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第1期81-84,共4页Journal of Ningxia University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：宁夏大学新华学院科学研究基金资助项目(19XHKY09);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划基金资助项目(2019BFG02022);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41461046)。

摘　　要：以宁夏荒漠草原短花针茅为研究对象,通过野外调查和室内实验,分析短花针茅丛土壤的养分分布规律,揭示短花针茅丛“肥岛”土壤的养分分布特征及其富集程度.结果表明,土壤中有机碳、速效磷、总氮和碱解氮的含量,在水平方向上,由短花针茅丛中心向外随距离的增加而递减,呈显著性差异(P<0.05),在短花针茅丛中心向外5 cm处下降最大;在垂直方向上,随着土壤深度的增加而递减,0~5 cm土层中的含量显著高于5~10,10~15 cm土层中的(P<0.05).土壤中总磷的质量分数,在垂直和水平方向均没有显著性差异(P>0.05),变化趋势不明显.土壤中的有机碳、速效磷、总氮和碱解氮的含量表现出“肥岛”效应和“表聚”效应.短花针茅丛“肥岛”效应有利于荒漠草原土壤肥力的保护,也有助于荒漠草原退化草地的恢复.Taking Stipa breviflora in Ningxia Desert Steppe as the research object,through field investigation and indoor experiment,the article analyzed the nutrient distribution law of Stipa breviflora clump soil,and revealed the nutrient distribution characteristics and enrichment degree of Stipa breviflora clump“fertilizer island” soil.The study showed that the content of organic carbon,fast-acting phosphorus,total nitrogen and alkaline decomposition nitrogen in the soil decreased horizontally with increasing distance from the center of the short-flowered needlegrass clump,with a significant difference(P < 0.05),and the greatest decrease was observed 5 cm outward from the center of the short-flowered needlegrass clump;In the vertical direction,the content decreased with increasing soil depth and was significantly higher in the 0-5 cm soil layer than in the 5-10 cm and 10-15 cm layers(P<0.05).The mass fraction of total phosphorus in the soil was not significantly different in both vertical and horizontal directions(P>0.05),and the trend of change was not significant.The contents of organic carbon,fast-acting phosphorus,total nitrogen and alkaline nitrogen in soil showed “fertilizer island” and “surface aggregation” effects,while the total phosphorus content had no“fertile island” effect and a “surface accumulatio” effect.The “fertilizer island”effect of Stipa breviflora is conducive to the conservation of soil fertility in desert grasslands and the restoration of degraded grasslands in desert grasslands as well.

关 键 词：荒漠草原 短花针茅 土壤养分 “肥岛”效应 

分 类 号：Q14[生物学—生态学]