社会公平视域下法国养老金制度改革及其启示  

The Reform of French Pension System and Its Enlightenment from the Perspective of Social Equity

作　　者：马红鸽 韩亭利 MA Hongge;HAN Tingli

机构地区：[1]西安财经大学公共管理学院,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《社会保障研究》2022年第1期94-101,共8页Social Security Studies

基　　金：教育部规划基金项目(18YJA790066);陕西省社会科学基金项目“陕西省城乡养老服务融合发展机制研究”(2021F020)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：社会公平是社会保障制度的价值遵循,也是养老金制度设计的核心要义。法国马克龙政府的养老金积分制改革通过建立全国统一的养老金制度、将退休后的养老金收益与个体整个职业生命历程关联、对特殊群体采取倾斜政策等,实现了养老金制度的起点公平、过程公平与分配正义。鉴于此,新时代我国养老金制度改革应继续致力于公平正义的价值遵循:积极构建多层次养老金体系,实现养老金制度的起点公平;构建缴费年限自动调节机制,根据个体差异建立渐进式、弹性化的退休制度,实现职业生命历程所做贡献与退休后所享福利的均衡,突出养老金制度的过程公平;强化养老金制度的再分配功能,缩小制度性待遇差距,做到结果公平。Social equity is the value compliance of the social security system and the core of the design of the pension system.The reform of the pension points system of the French Macron government has achieved the starting point fairness,process fairness and distribution justice of the pension system by establishing a unified national pension system,linking the pension benefits after retirement with the entire career life of individuals,and adopting preferential policies for special groups.In view of this,the reform of my country's pension system in the new era should continue to be committed to the values of fairness and justice.Firstly,build a multi-level pension system to achieve a fair starting point for the pension system;Secondly,the automatic adjustment mechanism of the contribution years and a gradual and flexible retirement system should be established according to individual differences,so as to achieve the balance between the contributions made in the career life course and the benefits enjoyed after retirement,and highlight the fairness of the pension system.Thirdly,strengthen the redistribution function of the pension system and narrow the institutional treatment gap,so as to achieve fair results.

关 键 词：养老金制度 公平正义 法国 多层次养老保障 缴费年限 再分配 

分 类 号：F842.67[经济管理—保险] F845.65