核棉间作对棉田节肢动物群落结构及自然天敌种群发生的影响  

Effects of Walnut-Cotton Intercropping on Arthropod Community Structure and the Population of Natural Enemies in Cotton Fields

作　　者：李海强[1] 王冬梅[1] 刘建[1] LI Haiqiang;WANG Dongmei;LIU Jian(Key Laboratory of Intergraded Management of Harmful Crop Vermin of China Northwestern Oasis,MOARA/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of MOARA in Korla/Institute of Plant Protection,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]农业部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室/农业部库尔勒作物有害生物科学观测实验站/新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2022年第4期934-941,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2019D01A66);农业部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室开放基金(KFJJ201901)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究核棉间作对棉田节肢动物群落及自然天敌种群的影响。【方法】2017~2018年在新疆阿克苏市选择核桃棉间作模式试验点21个,研究核桃棉花间作棉田对棉田节肢动物群落结构及自然天敌种群数量的影响。【结果】核桃间作棉田节肢动物群落Shannon-Wiener多样性指数平均为0.68,单作为0.56;核桃棉花间作均匀性指数平均为0.45,单作为0.38;优势集中度指数核桃间作棉田为0.59,单作棉田为0.68;统计分析表明,核桃间作棉田节肢动物群落Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、均匀性指数、优势集中度指数相比棉花单作田均无显著性差异。核桃棉间作棉田和单作棉田害虫亚群落和天敌亚群落结构特征指数也无显著性差异(统计分析表明Shannon-Wiener多样性指数P=0.36>0.05;均匀性指数P=0.39>0.05;优势集中度指数P=0.71>0.05)。棉田主要捕食性天敌以瓢虫类、草蛉类、食虫蝽类为主,核棉间作棉田与棉花单作田捕食性天敌种群数量无显著性差异(P=0.42>0.05)。核棉间作对棉蚜僵蚜密度也无显著影响(P=0.076>0.05)。【结论】核桃棉花间作模式对棉田节肢动物群落结构及自然天敌的种群数量没有明显影响。【Objective】To evaluate the effect of walnut-cotton intercropping on arthropod community structure and population of natural enemies in cotton fields.【Method】In Aksu,Xinjiang,21 experimental sites of walnut-cotton intercropping patterns were selected from 2017 to 2018 to compare and study the arthropod community structure corresponding to the cotton fields in intercropping patterns and monocropping patterns.【Result】The results showed that the shannon-Wiener diversity index of arthropod community in walnut intercropping cotton field was 0.68 and 0.56,respectively.The average uniformity index of walnut and cotton intercropping was 0.45 and 0.38.The dominant concentration index was 0.59 in walnut intercropping and 0.68 in mono cropping.Statistical analysis showed that there were no significant differences in shannon-Wiener diversity index,evenness index and dominant concentration index of arthropod community in walnut intercropping cotton field compared with cotton single cropping field.Besides,there was no significant difference in the characteristic indexes of pest subcommunity and natural enemy subcommunity between two cropping patternsshannon-Wiener diversity index,P=0.36>0.05;the average uniformity index,P=0.39>0.05;dominant concentration index,P=0.71>0.05).At the same time,through the study on the population quantity of natural enemies,it was found that the main predatory natural enemies in cotton fields were ladybugs,lacewings and insectivorous bugs,and there was no significant difference in the population quantity of predatory natural enemies between cotton intercropping field and cotton mono-cropping field(P=0.42>0.05).The densities of the mummy aphids on cotton plant in walnut-cotton intercropping and cotton monocrop systems had no significant difference(P=0.076>0.05).【Conclusion】It indicates that the walnut-cotton intercropping patterns in southern Xinjiang had no significant effect on arthropod community structure and population of natural enemies in cotton fields.

关 键 词：核桃棉间作 节肢动物 群落结构 多样性指数 自然天敌 

分 类 号：S435.02[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]