基于THz-TDS的陶瓷纤维复合材料缺陷检测分析  

Defect Detection and Analysis of Ceramic Fiber Composites Based on THz-TDS Technology

作　　者：潘钊[1] 李宗亮 张振伟[2] 温银堂 张朋杨 PAN Zhao;LI Zong-liang;ZHANG Zhen-wei;WEN Yin-tang;ZHANG Peng-yang(Key Laboratory of Measurement Technology&Instrument of Hebei Provinc e,School of Electrical Engineering,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao 066004,China;Key Lab of Terahertz Optoelectronics,Ministry of Education,Departm ent of Physics,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]燕山大学电气工程学院河北省测试计量技术及仪器重点实验室,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]首都师范大学物理系太赫兹光电子学教育部重点实验室,北京100048

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2022年第5期1547-1552,共6页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61403333);河北省科技计划项目(216Z1704G,20312202D);河北省自然科学基金项目(F2021203024)资助。

摘　　要：新型陶瓷纤维复合材料由短切氧化硅纤维及其胶合物经高温烧结得到的一种轻质多孔材料,材料微观结构特性直接影响着宏观结构特性和功能特性。该类材料的孔隙度分布在84%~95%之间,微观孔径主要集中在100μm范围内,偶尔有少量纳米孔。陶瓷纤维复合材料以其耐高温、低密度、高比强和抗烧蚀等优异性能在超高声速飞行器外层隔热部件得到应用,但该类材料可能因为制作和装配的工艺水平等因素出现夹杂、孔洞甚至大面积脱粘等现象。由于陶瓷纤维复合材料结构与应用场景的特殊性使得常规的无损检测手段效果不佳,而太赫兹(THz)技术作为一种新兴的无损检测技术,在该类材料的无损检测具有很大的潜力,可与常规检测技术形成互补。针对陶瓷纤维复合材料构件粘接层缺陷检测问题,研究了太赫兹时域信号和太赫兹层析成像方式对缺陷定位方法。基于太赫兹时域光谱(THz-TDS)无损检测技术获取和对比试样中有粘接层缺陷和粘接层完好位置的时域波形的波形峰值和相位差异,并经过反卷积滤波技术对时域波形进行处理,定性分析时域波形与粘接层缺陷特性的关系,宏观判断缺陷存在;通过对太赫兹波段陶瓷纤维复合材料光学参数提取测定太赫兹波段的平均折射率为1.028,进而分析粘接层缺陷的深度和厚度分别为18.4和0.28mm,与预置缺陷真实深度和厚度相比准确度分别为92%和90%。但由于通过时域信号提取的平均折射率会给粘接层缺陷位置分析造成误差,因此以太赫兹层析成像方式进一步估计缺陷的位置,分析了太赫兹层析成像噪声来源以及对成像质量的影响并采用了双边滤波对层析成像降噪滤波,基于太赫兹层析成像技术建立了位置评估模型,获取了粘接层缺陷的厚度为0.26mm,较预置缺陷厚度的准确度为96%,有效地完善了太赫兹检测技术对缺陷定位的形式,实�Ceramic fiber composite is a new Porous light material composed of short cut silicon oxide fibers and its binder sintered by high temperature.The microstructure characteristics of materials directly affect their macrostructure and functional characteristics.The porosity of this material ranges between 84%and 95%.The micro pore size is usually less than 100 microns,with a few occasional nanopores.Ceramic fiber composite materials are used in the outer insulation parts of ultra-high sonic aircraft due to their excellent properties such as high-temperature resistance,low density,high specific strength and ablation resistance.However,this type of material may have inclusions,holes or even large-area debonding caused by factors such as the level of manufacturing and assembly process.The particularity of the structure and application scenarios of ceramic fiber composite materials makes conventional non-destructive testing methods ineffective.Terahertz(THz)technology,as an emerging non-destructive testing technology,has great potential in non-destructive testing of this type of material and can complement conventional testing technologies.This paper studied the defect location method of terahertz time-domain signal and terahertz tomography.Based on Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy(THz-TDS)non-destructive testing technology,this paper obtained the data of waveform peaks and phase differences of the time-domain waveforms and compared them with bonding layer defects and intact bonding layer positions in the sample.The deconvolution filtering technology processed the time-domain waveform,and the relationship between the time-domain waveform and the defect characteristics of the adhesive layer was qualitatively analyzed.The existence of the defect was macroscopically judged.By extracting the optical parameters of the ceramic fiber composite material in the terahertz band,the average refractive index of the terahertz band was determined to be 1.0028,and then the depth and thickness of the bonding layer defects were 18.4 and

关 键 词：陶瓷纤维复合材料 太赫兹时域光谱 反卷积滤波 太赫兹层析成像 双边滤波 

分 类 号：TN247[电子电信—物理电子学]