延迟采收对稻茬烤烟上部叶物理性状的影响  

Effect of Delayed Harvest on Physical Properties of Upper Flue-cured Tobacco under Tobacco-Rice Rotation System

作　　者：周铭颖 江智敏[2] 丁建冰 秦凌 蒋宇丽 陈琳 徐均华 王卫民[2] 菅攀锋 王新月 邓小华[1] ZHOU Mingying;JIANG Zhimin;DING Jianbing;QIN Ling;JIANG Yuli;CEHN Lin;XU Junhua;WANG Weimin;JIAN Panfeng;WANG Xinyue;DENG Xiaohua(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128 China;China Tobacco Zhejiang Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310008,China;Yongzhou Tobacco Company of Hunan Province,Yongzhou,Hunan 425000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]浙江中烟工业有限责任公司,浙江杭州310008 [3]湖南省烟草公司永州市公司,湖南永州425000

出　　处：《作物研究》2022年第2期143-147,159,共6页Crop Research

基　　金：浙江中烟科技项目(2020330000340027);湖南省烟草公司郴州市公司项目(CZYC2021JS09)。

摘　　要：为明确稻茬烤烟上部烟叶的适宜采收成熟度,以云烟87为试验材料,在湖南江华烟区开展双因素田间试验,比较不同采收时间和叶位烤后烟叶的物理性状指标,并采用偏Eta;值对烤烟上部烟叶采收时间和叶位及其互作对烟叶物理性状的影响效应进行分析。结果表明,随着采收时间的推迟,上部烟叶单叶质量、叶质重下降,含梗率、叶片厚度、平衡含水率增加。采收时间对稻茬烤烟上部烟叶物理特性影响最大,采收时间、叶位及其互作对上部烟叶物理性状的影响效应分别为35.04%、29.98%、34.98%。湖南江华烟区上部烟叶适宜采收成熟度为叶片颜色黄绿至变黄50%、部分茸毛脱落、主脉变白、支脉变白50%、叶缘微卷曲、叶尖下勾和40%的叶片叶面出现成熟斑。建议该地区在现行的采收成熟度基础上推迟6 d左右采收为宜。In order to determine the suitable harvest maturity of upper leaves of rice stubble flue-cured tobacco, a random block field experiment with two factors(harvesting time and leaf position)was conducted using Yunyan 87 as materials in Jianghua, Hunan Province. The physical properties of flue-cured tobacco leaves with different harvest time and leaf position were compared, and the partial Eta;value was used to analyze the effects of harvesting time, leaf position and their interaction on the physical properties of the upper tobacco leaves. The results showed that with the delay of the harvesting time, the weight per leaf and weight per unit leaf area of the upper tobacco leaves decreased, while the stem ratio, thickness of leaf and balance water ratio increased. Harvest time had the greatest effect on the physical characteristics of upper tobacco leaves of rice stubble flue-cured tobacco. The effects of harvesting time, leaf position, and their interaction on the physical properties of upper tobacco leaves were 35.04%,29.98%,and 34.98%,respectively. The suitable harvest maturity of the upper tobacco leaves in Jianghua tobacco area of Hunan is that the leaf color is yellow-green to yellow by 50%,some of the leaf pubescence fallen off, the main veins become white, the branch veins become white by 50%,the leaf edge is slightly curled, the leaf tip is hooked and 40% of the leaf surfaces appear mature spots. It is suggested that the harvest time in this area should be postponed for about 6 days on the basis of the current harvest maturity.

关 键 词：稻茬烤烟 采收 成熟度 上部烟叶 物理性状 

分 类 号：S572.091[农业科学—烟草工业]