基于SSR标记的强杂种优势玉米亲本组合的筛选  

Selection of Parental Combinations with Strong Heterosis in Maize Based on SSR Markers

作　　者：李锐[1] 尚霄 尚春树 闫蕾 杨瑞娟 白建荣 LI Rui;SHANG Xiao;SHANG Chunshu;YAN Lei;YANG Ruijuan;BAI Jianrong(College of Agriculture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China;Shanxi Qiangsheng Seed Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院,山西太原030031 [2]山西强盛种业有限公司,山西太原030031

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2022年第4期462-468,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目(201803D221017-4)。

摘　　要：杂种优势利用的基础是亲本间的遗传差异,用遗传差异去预测亲本组合的强杂种优势在育种实践中具有重要指导意义。为了提高玉米育种亲本选择的目的性和预测性,以SSR分子标记为基础对所研究的玉米种质进行杂种优势亲本的遗传差异(杂合位点)分析,然后预测和推荐进行田间组配和观测的强杂种优势组合。结果显示,在以国家玉米品种鉴定所用的40个SSR位点划分杂种优势类群的基础上,先在杂种优势类群的亚群中选择与对照亲本差异位点数在2~4个的候选自交系,然后按照杂种优势模式进行电子组配,从众多的组合中筛选出杂合位点数不小于25个的强优势先玉335杂种优势模式候选组合28个、强优势先玉696杂种优势模式候选组合13个,这些组合的杂合位点数分别比对照(先玉335、先玉696)的杂合位点数多6个以上。有目的、有计划地在田间组配与分析这些筛选后获得的组合,将会大大减少常规育种中大量、盲目组配带来的人力、物力与土地的使用,提高了玉米育种效率。The basis for utilization of heterosis is genetic difference between parents.It has important guiding meaning in breeding practice to predict strong heterosis of parental combinations based on genetic difference.In order to improve intention and predictability for selections of parents in breeding for maize,in this study,analysis of the genetic difference(the numbers of different loci)between parents of maize germplasm with heterosis was conducted based on SSR markers,then,parental combinations with strong heterosis were predicted and recommended for combining and examining in field.The results showed that candidate inbreed lines which had 2-4 different loci compared with control parents were selected from the sub-groups of heterotic groups based on division of heterotic groups according to 40 SSR loci used in national identification of maize varieties.Digital combinations were conducted according to heterotic models.In various combinations,28 candidate combinations of heterotic model from Xianyu 335 with strong heterosis and 13 candidate combinations of heterotic model from Xianyu 696 with strong heterosis were selected,among which the number of heterozygous loci were more than 25.The number of heterogeneous loci of the combinations were more than 6 than those of control varieties(Xianyu 335 and Xianyu 696).Therefore,collocation and analysis of these combinations after selection with purpose and design could reduce labors,materials and lands used in traditional maize breeding due to a larger number of blind parent combinations and improve efficiency of breeding for maize.

关 键 词：玉米 SSR 强杂种优势 亲本组合 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]