不同密度性诱芯防治梨小食心虫的效果评价  

Evaluation on Control Effect of Different Densities of Sex Pheromone Attractant Core on Grapholita molesta

作　　者：吕颖弘 赵志国[1] 马晓辉 王永鑫 吴娜 马瑞燕[1] Lü Yinghong;ZHAO Zhiguo;MA Xiaohui;WANG Yongxin;WU Na;MA Ruiyan(College of Plant Protection,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学植物保护学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2022年第4期586-590,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目(201903D211001-1);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2020-066)。

摘　　要：梨小食心虫作为多种果树害虫有着发生代数多、世代周期长、难防难治等特点,性诱芯诱捕器可以有效环保地防治梨小食心虫。为明确诱杀梨小食心虫的最佳性诱芯诱捕器用量,提高梨小食心虫性诱芯的诱捕效率及防治效果,研究在山西省晋中市太谷区桃园分别放置梨小食心虫15、75、135、195、255个/hm^(2)共5种不同密度性诱芯诱捕器,每3 d统计一次诱捕器诱蛾量、虫果率和折梢率,得到梨小食心虫成虫发生动态和幼虫增长动态;比较不同密度诱捕器的平均诱蛾量,并对其诱蛾量差异进行评价,使用35 d内累计诱蛾量和累计幼虫增长量的比值对其诱捕效率进行评价。结果表明,诱蛾量随着诱捕器密度增加而增大,195个/hm^(2)与255个/hm^(2)性诱芯诱捕器的诱蛾量极显著高于另外3种诱捕器密度设置下的诱蛾量,但是在195个/hm^(2)与255个/hm^(2)间的诱蛾量差异不显著;不同处理间诱捕效率随着诱捕器密度增加而提高,在195个/hm^(2)处理中诱捕效率达到最大(0.0753)。综合评价认为,在桃园采取性诱芯诱捕器诱杀梨小食心虫,性诱芯诱捕器密度为195个/hm^(2)时效果最佳。Grapholita molesta damages many fruit trees and has the characteristics of many generations,long time cycles,and is difficult to prevent and treat.Traps with sex pheromone attractant cores can effectively control Grapholita molesta.To definite the optimal number of traps to bait Grapholita molesta,improve the trapping efficiency and control effect of sex pheromone-baited trap to Grapholita molesta,in this study,was determined.Five densities of sex pheromone-baited traps were placed in a peach orchard located in Taigu district,Shanxi province.The densities were 15,75,135,195 traps/hm^(2)and255 traps/hm^(2),respectively.The amount of moths tapped,fruit damage rate and shoot damage rate were counted every three days.The occurrence dynamics of adult and larval growth dynamics of Grapholita molesta were obtained.The variance of the amount of moths tapped was evaluated by comparing the average amount of moths tapped in the different trap densities,and the trapping efficiency was evaluated by the ratio of accumulative amount of moths tapped and accumulative amount of larval growth within 35 d.The results showed that the amount of moths tapped increased with the increase of trap density.The amounts of moths tapped of 195 traps/hm^(2)and 255 traps/hm^(2)of traps with sex pheromone attractant cores were significantly higher than those of the other three trap density settings,but there was no significant difference between the amount of moths tapped of195 traps/hm^(2)and 255 traps/hm^(2);the trapping efficiency among different treatments increased with the increase of trap density,and the trapping efficiency reached the maximum(0.0753)in the treatment of 195 traps/hm^(2).The comprehensive evaluation showed that the effect was the best when the density of the trap with sex pheromone attractant core was 195 traps/hm^(2)and when the traps were used in peach orchards to bait Grapholita molesta.

关 键 词：梨小食心虫 性诱剂 诱捕器密度 诱捕效率 

分 类 号：S433.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]