致密化液甲烷/液氧作为推进燃料性能评价分析  

Performance evaluation of densified liquid methane/liquid oxygen as propulsion fuel

作　　者：孙强 雷刚 徐元元 谢福寿 厉彦忠[1,2] Sun Qiang;Lei Gang;Xu Yuanyuan;Xie Fushou;Li Yanzhong(State Key Laboratory of Technologies in Space Cryogenic Propellants,Beijing 100028,China;Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]航天低温推进剂技术国家重点实验室,北京100028 [2]西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,西安710049

出　　处：《低温工程》2022年第2期7-13,共7页Cryogenics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51876153);中国博士后科学基金(2021T140538);航天低温推进剂技术国家重点实验室基金(SKLTSCP1914)。

摘　　要：为深入论证致密化低温推进剂带来的收益,系统性地分析了致密化液甲烷/液氧作为推进燃料的综合性能。构建了推进剂贮箱漏热、温升、增压压力、壁厚的动态热力模型,针对不同尺寸的液甲烷/液氧贮箱组合,分析了致密化液甲烷/液氧对燃料停放温升、发动机推力提升、贮箱增压压力降低、贮箱质量减轻的影响。并提出了致密化液甲烷/液氧过冷程度匹配问题,考虑燃料的充分利用与发动机的推力提升,得出了液甲烷/液氧最佳致密化程度的一一对应关系。研究表明,常沸点状态液甲烷/液氧过冷至三相点状态可分别相对减少75.3%与62.4%的增压氦气消耗,同时减轻液甲烷贮箱16%的质量与液氧贮箱31%的质量;推进剂体积流量不变时可获得三相点状态液甲烷所对应液氧最佳过冷温度为73.7K,发动机推力可相对增加3.4%;液甲烷燃料充足时,三相点状态液氧可提升发动机6.9%的相对推力。The comprehensive performance of densified liquid methane / liquid oxygen as propellant fuel was analyzed systematically in order to thoroughly demonstrate the benefits of densified propellant. A transient thermodynamic model considering leakage heat,temperature rise,pressurization pressure,and wall thickness was constructed. For various combinations of LCH;/ LO;tanks in different dimensions,the effects of densified fuel on temperature rise during parking,increase o engine thrust,reduction in pressurization pressure and the mass of the tank are analyzed. The issue of the matching of the subcooling degree of densified LCH;/ LO;is presented. The correspondence of the optimal degree of densification of LCH;/ LO is derived considering the full utilization of fuel and the increase of engine thrust. The study shows that the subcooling of LCH;/ LO;at the normal boiling point to the triple point state could reduce the consumption of pressurized helium by 75. 3% and 62. 4% ,respectively. The tank mass of the LCH;would be reduced by about 16%and the tank mass of the LO;would be reduced by about 31% . The optimal subcooling temperature for LO;at the triple point state of liquid methane is 73. 7K at a constant propellant volume flow rate,resulting in a relative increase in engine thrust of about 3. 4% . With sufficient LCH;,LO;at the triple point state may boost the relative thrust of the engine by 6. 9% .

关 键 词：致密化 液甲烷 液氧 性能评价 过冷程度匹配 

分 类 号：TB661[一般工业技术—制冷工程]