一种舰船低频冲击环境的新型测试原理与方法  

A new testing method for low frequency impact environment of ships

作　　者：计晨 郭君 冯麟涵 郝宁 JI Chen;GUO Jun;FENG Linhan;HAO Ning(Naval Research Institute,Beijing 100161,China;Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]海军研究院,北京100161 [2]哈尔滨工程大学,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2022年第8期110-115,共6页Journal of Vibration and Shock

摘　　要：舰船冲击环境是舰船设备抗冲击评估的基础输入数据,其最可靠的来源是实船抗冲击试验,其中低频冲击环境的测试工程上常采用低频振子、簧片仪等专用仪器,这些传感器存在过于笨重、仪器安装相对困难的问题,直接采用加速度计测试结果由于“零飘”导致误差大,其结果不可靠。为此,通过对低频冲击环境形成机理的分析,指出大型舰船低频冲击环境主要来源于舰船低频总振动,并提出一种基于实船抗冲击试验舰船总振动应变的间接测试方法。通过千吨级舰船实船的试验数据证明了该方法的有效性,加速度计实测数据与低频振子测得的数据相比,平均偏差为42.9%,新方法与低频振子测得的数据相比,平均偏差为12.6%。该技术与传统方法相比具有传感器安装简便、测点数目需求低和有效覆盖船长范围大的优势,对实船抗冲击试验的低频冲击环境测试具有重要的参考价值。When a accelerometer is used to test the low-frequency impact environment of ships,it is easy to produce"zero drift"effect,which leads to large error and unreliability in the results.Therefore,through the analysis of the formation mechanism of low frequency impact environment,an indirect test method based on the total vibration strain of ship shock trail was proposed.The validity of the proposed method was verified based on the test data of a real ship.Results show that the average error of the new method is 12.6%compared with the data measured by the low frequency oscillator.Compared with the traditional method,this technology has the advantages of simple sensor installation,low number of measurement points,and large effective coverage of the ship length,which has important reference value for the low-frequency impact environment test of ship shock trail.

关 键 词：舰船冲击 低频冲击环境 总振动 实船抗冲击试验 

分 类 号：TH212[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH213.3