竹基超厚炭电极材料的制备及其电化学性能研究  

Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of Bamboo Based Ultra-thick Carbonaceous Electrode Materials

作　　者：于婷婷 吕宗泽 李想 胡锦东 李沛延 李志国[1] YU Tingting;LYU Zongze;LI Xiang;HU Jindong;LI Peiyan;LI Zhiguo(College of Material Science and Engineering,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学材料科学与工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2022年第2期10-18,共9页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金资助项目(C2018008);黑龙江省大学生创新项目(S20201025018)。

摘　　要：以竹材为原料,通过直接炭化的方法保留竹材直孔结构制得超厚(2.5 mm)竹炭电极材料。在700、800和900℃炭化温度下分别制得竹炭材料Z-700、Z-800和Z-900,采用SEM、XPS、拉曼光谱等方法对竹炭材料进行表征。结果表明:竹材经过炭化处理后,仍保持原有孔道结构,其中炭化样品Z-900具有较高的BET比表面积(S BET)可达483 m^(2)/g,总孔容(V total)为0.23 cm^(3)/g,介孔孔容(V mes)为0.05 cm^(3)/g,微孔孔容(V mic)为0.18 cm^(3)/g。在6 mol/L KOH电解液中,电流密度为10 A/m^(2),所制备的超厚竹炭电极Z-900比电容高达22 F/cm^(2);当电流密度为200 A/m^(2)时,比电容仍达到14.5 F/cm^(2),电容保持率为65.9%。以超厚竹炭电极Z-900组装成的对称超级电容器Z-900∥Z-900,在电流密度为10 A/m^(2)时,比电容为14 F/cm^(2),放电时间可达3500 s,能量密度为4.9 W·h/m^(2),功率密度为5 W/m^(2)。在100 A/m^(2)电流密度下,10000次循环后库仑效率可达99.8%,电容保持率为88%,表现出较高的电化学稳定性。The 2.5 mm bamboo charcoal ultra-thick electrode material was prepared by direct carbonization of bamboo which preserved its straight pore structure.The bamboo charcoal materials Z-700,Z-800,and Z-900 were prepared at 700,800 and 900℃,which were characterized by SEM,XPS,Raman spectra analysis.The results showed that the original bamboo structure was maintained after carbonization.Among them,the carbonized sample Z-900 owned a higher BET specific surface area(S BET)of 483 m^(2)/g,total pore volume(V total)of 0.23 cm^(3)/g,mesoporous pore volume(V mes)of 0.05 cm^(3)/g,and micropore volume(V mic)of 0.18 cm^(3)/g.Electrochemical performance tests showed that the specific capacitance of the prepared ultra-thick bamboo charcoal electrode Z-900 was as high as 22.0 F/cm^(2)in the 6 mol/L KOH electrolyte with the current density of 10 A/m 2.When the current density was 200 A/m^(2),the specific capacitance still reached 14.5 F/cm^(2)and the capacitance retention rate was 65.9%.The symmetric supercapacitor Z-900∥Z-900 assembled with ultra-thick bamboo charcoal electrode Z-900 owned a specific capacitance of 14 F/cm^(2)at the current density of 10 A/m^(2),which had a discharge time of 3500 s,an energy density of 4.9 W·h/m^(2),and a power density of 5 W/m^(2).At the current density of 100 A/m^(2),the coulomb efficiency could reach 99.8%after 10000 cycles,and the capacitance retention was 88%,which demonstrated that Z-900 had an excellent electrochemical stability.

关 键 词：生物质 活性炭 竹材 超厚电极材料 超级电容器 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程]