升温速率对鲫幼鱼耐高温能力和群体行为的影响  

Effect of Heating Rate on Upper Temperature Tolerance and Group Behavior of Juvenile Carassius auratus

作　　者：陈荣 马辉煌 付世建 曾令清 CHEN Rong;MA Huihuang;FU Shijian;ZENG Lingqing(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology,Laboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behaviour·College of Life Sciences,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学生命科学学院进化生理与行为学实验室动物生物学重庆市重点实验室,重庆401331

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第2期31-37,共7页Journal of Chongqing Normal University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.31300341);重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目(No.KJQN201900540;No.KJQN202000539);重庆市留学人员回国创业创新支持计划项目(No.cx2019153);重庆市大学生创新创业训练计划项目(No.S201910637019)。

摘　　要：【目的】基于当前全球气候持续变暖的背景,考察不同升温速率对鲫(Carassius auratus)幼鱼耐高温能力和群体行为的影响。【方法】将经过180 d驯化的鲫幼鱼随机平均分为3个实验组,即升温速率为0的对照组、升温速率分别为1和0.3℃·min;的快升温组和慢升温组,测定慢升温组和快升温组的临界高温和致死高温,并拍摄升温前后3个实验组鲫幼鱼的群体行为,分析升温速率变化对个体游泳速度、个体游泳速度同步性、个体间距离、最近邻距离、极性等参数的影响。【结果】慢升温组在临界高温和致死高温方面均高于快升温组。升温处理后,快升温组的个体游泳速度变化无统计学意义上的差异,个体游泳速度同步性和极性都有降低趋势,而慢升温组的上述指标则无明显变化;但快升温组与慢升温组的个体间距离及最近邻距离在升温处理后均明显增大。【结论】升温处理使鲫幼鱼群体的凝聚力和协调性降低,且在较快升温速率下这一趋势更加明显;而在较慢升温速率下,鱼群因有更长适应时间,从而热耐受能力可能增强。[Purposes]Based on the background of current global climate warming, the effect of different heating rates on the upper temperature tolerance and group behavior of juvenile crucian carp(Carassius auratus) was investigated. [Methods]The crucian carp juveniles which domesticated 180 days were randomly divided into three experimental groups, according to the control group with the heating rate of 0, the fast heating group and the slow heating group with the heating rate of 1 and 0.3 ℃·min;. The group behavior of crucian carp juveniles in the three experimental groups before and after heating was recorded, and the effects of heating rate changes on parameters such as individual swimming speed, synchronization of individual swimming speed, inter-individual distance, nearest neighbor distance, and polarity were analyzed. [Findings] Critical high temperature and lethal high temperature in the slow heating group were higher than those in the fast heating group. After heating treatment, there was no statistical difference in individual swimming speed changes in the fast heating group, while the synchrony of individual swimming speed and polarity in the fast heating group all decreased, while the above indicators in the slow heating group did not change significantly. The nearest neighbor distances increased significantly after the heating treatment. [Conclusions] The heating treatment reduces the cohesion and coordination of the juvenile crucian carp population, and at a faster heating rate, this trend is more pronounced;while at slower heating rates, fish populations may have increased heating tolerance due to longer acclimatization times.

关 键 词：热耐受 升温速率 群体行为 群体结构 鲫 

分 类 号：Q175[生物学—水生生物学]