2019年—2020年医院临床常见病原菌的分布与耐药性分析  

Analysis of Distribution and Drug Resistance Rate of Common Pathogenic Bacteria in Clinic from 2019 to 2020

作　　者：宋光波 廖卫[1] 南黎[1] 葛廷[1] 孙政敏[1] 宋予娟[1] SONG Guang-bo;LIAO Wei;NAN Li;GE Ting;SUN Zheng-min;SONG Yu-juan(Medical Laboratory,Xinxiang First People's Hospital,Xinxiang Henan 453000,China)

机构地区：[1]新乡市第一人民医院医学检验科,河南新乡453000

出　　处：《抗感染药学》2022年第1期51-55,共5页Anti-infection Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的:探讨2019年—2020年医院临床常见病原菌的分布与耐药特点,为临床用药提供参考。方法:收集医院2019年—2020年各病区送检的患者标本中病原菌的鉴定和药敏试验结果,分析病原菌的分布与主要病原菌的耐药情况。结果:2019年—2020年各病区送检标本共分离出致病菌9153株,其主要来源为分泌物、中段尿、痰液,其中真菌278株、革兰阳性菌2689株和革兰阴性菌6186株;粪肠球菌对四环素、奎奴普丁/达幅普汀的耐药率高于屎肠球菌,屎肠球菌对链霉素、左氧氟沙星、莫西沙星、氨苄西林、青霉素的耐药率均高于粪肠球菌;金黄色葡萄球菌对四环素、庆大霉素、左氧氟沙星的耐药率均高于凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌,粪肠球菌、屎肠球菌对万古霉素、利奈唑胺均100.00%敏感,凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌对万古霉素、利奈唑胺、奎奴普丁/达幅普汀均100.00%敏感;鲍曼不动杆菌对呋喃妥因、头孢唑林的耐药率均达100.00%,对庆大霉素、亚胺培南、头孢替坦、头孢他啶、头孢曲松、氨苄西林-舒巴坦钠的耐药率均超过80.00%;大肠埃希菌对头孢唑林、替卡西林、哌拉西林的耐药率均达100.00%,对复方磺胺甲噁唑、左氧氟沙星、头孢曲松、氨苄西林-舒巴坦钠的耐药率均超过50.00%;肺炎克雷伯菌对头孢唑林、替卡西林的耐药率达100.00%,对米诺环素、复方磺胺甲噁唑、左氧氟沙星、呋喃妥因、庆大霉素、头孢他啶、头孢曲松、氨苄西林-舒巴坦钠的耐药率均超过60.00%;铜绿假单胞菌对复方磺胺甲噁唑、替加环素、头孢唑林、阿莫西林-克拉维酸钾、氨苄西林-舒巴坦钠、替卡西林、哌拉西林的耐药率均达100.00%,对米诺环素、呋喃妥因、头孢替坦的耐药率均超过90.00%。结论:2019年—2020年医院占比较高的常见病原菌分别为真菌如白假丝酵母,革兰阳性菌如粪肠球菌、屎肠球菌、凝固�Objective:To investigate the distribution and drug resistance rate of common pathogenic bacteria in hospitals from 2019 to 2020,and to provide reference for clinical drug usage.Methods:The results of pathogens’identification and drug sensitivity test were collected from the specimens submitted from each ward of the hospital from2019 to 2020,and the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance of main pathogenic bacteria were analyzed.Results:A total of 9153 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the specimens collected from each ward from2019 to 2020,whose main sources were secretion,mid-stream urine and sputum,including 278 strains of fungi,2689strains of Gram-positive bacteria and 6186 strains of Gram-negative bacteria.The resistance rates of Dung enterococcus to tetracycline,quinuptine/dapurtine were higher than those of Excrement enterococcus.The resistance rates of Excrement enterococcus to streptomycin,levofloxacin,moxifloxacin,ampicillin,penicillin were higher than those of Dung enterococcus.The resistance rates of Staphylococcus aureus to tetracycline,gentamycin and levofloxacin were higher than those of coagulase negative Staphylococcus,Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium were 100.00% sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid,coagulase negative Staphylococcus and Staphylococcus aureus were 100.00% sensitive to vancomycin,linezolid and quinuptin/damuputin.The drug resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to furantoin and cefazolin were 100.00%,and its drug resistance rates to gentamicin,imipenem,cefotetan,ceftazidime,ceftriaxone,ampicillin-sulbactam sodium were more than 80.00%.The drug resistance rates of Escherichia coli to cefazolin,ticarcillin and piperacillin were 100.00%,and its drug resistance rates to compound sulfamethoxazole,levofloxacin,ceftriaxone and ampicillin-sulbactam sodium were more than 60.00%.The drug resistance rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae to cefazolin and ticarcillin were 100.00%,and its drug resistance rates to minocycline,compound sulfamethoxazol

关 键 词：病原菌 耐药性 抗菌药物 

分 类 号：R915[医药卫生—微生物与生化药学] R969.3[医药卫生—药学]