2011—2021年沧州市健康人群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌监测结果分析  

Surveillance results of neisseria meningitidis in healthy population from 2011 to 2021 in Cangzhou City

作　　者：李秀芝 卢俊荣 王春东[2] 庞振清[2] 刘万普 戴克伦 LI Xiu-zhi;LU Jun-rong;WANG Chun-dong;PANG Zhen-qing;LIU Wan-pu;DAI Ke-lun(Cangxian Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Cangzhou 061000,Hebei Province,China;Cangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Cangzhou 061001,Hebei Province,China.)

机构地区：[1]沧县疾病预防控制中心,河北沧县061000 [2]沧州市疾病预防控制中心,河北沧县061001

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2022年第2期97-99,共3页Occupational Health and Damage

基　　金：中央基本公共卫生服务项目资金(项目编号:361-0402-JZN-6BUQ)。

摘　　要：目的了解2011—2021年沧州市健康人群流行性脑脊髓膜炎菌带菌状况和菌群分布变迁,为制定有效的防控措施和免疫策略提供依据。方法根据河北省疾病预防控制中心《关于开展流脑健康人群带菌监测的通知》收集2011—2021年沧州市幼儿园及中小学健康人群咽拭子,经分离培养、生化鉴定、血清分型及PCR检测后确定脑膜炎菌及其菌种的亚群分型。采用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析,率的比较采用卡方检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2011—2021年共检测2625人,检出流脑菌株26株,总带菌率为0.99%。其中B群5株,W135群有1株,多凝菌株20株,未检出A群和C群菌株。2011—2021年沧州市健康人群各年度带菌率经卡方检验,差异无统计学意义。年龄分布上15~19岁青少年人群带菌率最高为2.37%,0~4婴幼儿带菌率次之为1.26%。经卡方检验,结果显示各年龄带菌率差异无统计学意义。结论2011—2021年沧州市健康人群脑膜炎菌优势菌群从原来A群、C群向多凝菌群和B群变化,亟待制定针对新流行情况的预防方针和策略,推进B群疫苗的研制和推广。除对人群进行健康教育外,还应加强对15~19岁青少年和0~4岁婴幼儿的流脑预防保护。Objective To understand the bacterial carrier status and changes of flora distribution of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis in healthy population in Cangzhou city in 2011 and 2021,so as to provide basis for the formulation of effective prevention and control measures and immunization strategies.Methods According to the notice of carrying out bacterial surveillance in healthy population of meningitis issued by Hebei Center for Disease Control and Prevention in 2011-2021,the throat swabs of healthy people from kindergartens,primary and secondary schools in Cangzhou city were collected.The subgroup type of meningococcal bacteria and its species were determined by PCR.SPSS 19.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Chi-square test was used for comparison of rates,and P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results A total of2625 people were detected from 2011 to 2021.Totally,26 strains of meningitis were detected,and the total bacterial carrying rate was 0.99%,including 5 strains of group B,1 strain of group W135,and 20 polycoagulant strains.No group A and C strains were detected.The annual bacterial carrying rate of healthy population showed no statistical significance in Cangzhou from 2011 to2021.In terms of age distribution,the highest rate was 2.37%among young people aged 15-19years,followed by 1.26%among infants.Chi-square tests showed that there were no significant differences in the rate among different ages.Conclusions From 2011 to 2021,the dominant bacterial community of meningitis in healthy population changed from group A and C to polycoagulant and group B in Cangzhou city.It is urgent to formulate prevention guidelines and strategies for the new epidemic situation,and to promote the development and promotion of group B vaccine.Besides health education,prevention and protection of meningitis for teenagers aged 15-19 years and infants aged 0-4 years should be strengthened.

关 键 词：健康人群 流行性脑脊髓膜炎 脑膜炎菌 带菌率 监测分析 沧州市 

分 类 号：R515[医药卫生—内科学]