广东主要蓝莓品种叶片营养与土壤养分关系分析  

Relationship Analysis on Leaf Nutrient of Blueberry Cultivars and Soil Nutrient in Guangdong Province

作　　者：卓翊深 陈猛 曹凯[1] 杨俊泉 陈杰忠[1] 姚青[1] ZHUO Yishen;CHEN Meng;CAO Kai;YANG Junquan;CHEN Jiezhong;YAO Qing(College of Horticulture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Institute of Microbiology,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510070,China;Dongyuan Branch,Guangdong Ronghe Ecological Agriculture Group Co.Lt.,Dongyuan 5175541,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学园艺学院,广东广州510642 [2]广东省科学院微生物研究所,广东广州510070 [3]广东融和生态农业集团有限公司东源分公司,广东东源517541

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2022年第3期49-56,共8页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河源市科技计划项目(2019041);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2018B020205001)。

摘　　要：【目的】蓝莓(Vaccinium spp.)是无根毛植物,根系吸收养分能力弱。华南地区是蓝莓栽培的新区,调查研究广东土壤条件是否适合蓝莓生长发育、树体养分是否平衡。【方法】以广东省河源市蓝莓园的4个品种为研究对象,在叶片和土壤分析的基础上,运用综合营养诊断法(DRIS)研究蓝莓树体养分平衡和盈亏状况,测定菌根侵染率,分析影响树体营养的土壤化学性质。【结果】蓝莓树体养分水平存在品种差异,‘夏普蓝’养分水平最高,叶片氮、磷、钾含量分别为15.90、0.76、6.58 g/kg,铁含量63.73 mg/kg;树体养分的总体需求表现为磷>氮>钾,磷、氮含量处于偏低范围,钾含量处于平衡范围;土壤养分水平与叶片养分水平无显著相关性;根系菌根侵染率较低(15.0%~26.7%),导致根系吸收能力较弱。【结论】华南地区蓝莓树体的养分水平不平衡,与根系吸收能力弱和菌根侵染水平低有关,应该提高有机磷肥和有机氮肥用量,并接种菌根真菌。【Objective】Blueberry(Vaccinium spp.) is a plant species with no root hairs, resulting in weak uptake capacity of roots. Southern China is an emerging production area of blueberry. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate whether the soil conditions in southern China are suitable for blueberry growth and development, and whether the plant nutrients are balanced.【Method】With four blueberry cultivars in Heyuan, Guangdong Province as tested plants, the nutrient balance and levels in plants were studied with the method of Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System(DRIS) on the basis of leaf and soil analysis. The mycorrhizal colonization rate was determined, and the soil chemical properties affecting plant nutrient status were analyzed.【Result】There were significant differences in plant nutrient levels between cultivars, and the nutrient level of ‘Sharpblue’ was the highest. The contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in leaves were 15.90, 0.76 and 6.58 g/kg, respectively, and the iron content in leaves was 63.73 mg/kg.The total nutrient requirement of plants ranked as P>N>K. The levels of P and N were at a low range while that of K was at a normal range. It was noteworthy that there was no significant correlation between soil nutrient level and leaf nutrient level. The mycorrhizal colonization rate in roots was low(15.0%-26.7%), which led to a weak uptake capacity of roots.【Conclusion】The nutrient levels of blueberry plants in southern China are unbalanced, which are related to the weak root absorption capacity and low mycorrhizal colonization level. It is recommended that the application of P and N fertilizers, especially in organic forms, be increased and the application of mycorrhizal fungi be inoculated to improved the nutrient uptake efficiency.

关 键 词：蓝莓 叶片养分 土壤化学性质 DRIS分析 菌根 

分 类 号：S663.9[农业科学—果树学]