红壤区不同母质对水稻土土壤团聚体稳定性的影响  

Impacts of Different Parent Materials in Red Soil Region on Stability of Paddy Soil Aggregates

作　　者：郭澎 诸莉燕 柳开楼[2] 付责 张行健 罗朝晖[4] 毕利东[1] GUO Peng;ZHU Liyan;LIU Kailou;FU Ze;ZHANG Xingjian;LUO Zhaohui;BI Lidong(College of Agricultural Science and Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil,Nanchang 330046,China;Nanjing Yuhuatai District Water Affairs General Station,Nanjing 210012,China;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学农业科学与工程学院,江苏南京210098 [2]江西省红壤研究所,江西南昌330046 [3]南京市雨花台区水务总站,江苏南京210012 [4]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2022年第3期77-85,共9页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD0900703)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究红壤区不同母质发育水稻土团聚体稳定性的差异,为红壤区土壤资源的利用开发提供理论基础。【方法】选择红壤区6种不同母质发育耕作层和犁底层水稻土,选择无水酒精、0.1 mol/L NaOH溶液、0.002%Na_(2)CO_(3)溶液和0.1 mol/L NaCl溶液作为分散液,以超纯水为对照,采用湿筛法测定水稳性团聚体量。【结果】同一母质发育的水稻土,耕作层水稳性团聚体量均显著高于犁底层。水稻土耕作层和犁底层水稳性团聚体量与土壤有机质量极显著正相关。4种分散液浸润土壤后,水稳性团聚体量基本呈无水酒精(86.31%)>Na_(2)CO_(3)溶液(39.03%)>NaCl溶液(32.49%)>NaOH溶液(10.70%)。【结论】对于同一土层(耕作层)水稻土,不同母质类型土样土壤团聚体水稳性存在显著差异,呈石英岩类风化物>酸性结晶岩类风化物>湖积物>河积物>第四纪红黏土>泥质岩类风化物。对于同一母质发育的水稻土,耕作层团聚体水稳性均显著强于犁底层。强碱环境会显著降低水稻土水稳性团聚体量。【Objective】The study was conducted to explore the differences of stability of paddy soil aggregates developed from different parent materials in red soil area, with a view to providing a theoretical basis for the utilization and development of soil resources in red soil area. 【Method】Six kinds of paddy soils with different parent materials developed in plough layer and plough bottom were collected from red soil area. Anhydrous alcohol, 0.1 mol/L NaOH solution, 0.002%Na_(2)CO_(3)solution and 0.1 mol/L NaCl solution were selected as dispersions, and ultrapure water was used as control. The contents of water stable aggregates were determined by wet sieve method. 【Result】The contents of water stable aggregates in plough layer was significantly higher than those in plough bottom of paddy soil with the same parent material. There was a significantly positive correlation between the content of water stable aggregate and the content of soil organic matter in paddy soil. After the four dispersions infiltrated the soil, the contents of water stable aggregates were as follows: anhydrous alcohol(86.31%) > Na_(2)CO_(3)solution(39.03%) > NaCl solution(32.49%) > NaOH solution(10.70%).【Conclusion】For paddy soil in the same soil layer(plough layer), there are significant differences in the water stability of soil aggregates of different parent material types, which rank as: quartzite weathering material > acid crystalline weathering material > lake sediment > river sediment > quaternary red clay > argillaceous weathering material. For the paddy soil developed from the same parent material,the water stability of aggregates in plough layer is significantly stronger than that in plough bottom. Strong alkali environment can significantly reduce the water stability of paddy soil.

关 键 词：土壤物理 土壤母质 红壤性水稻土 水稳性团聚体 化学稳定性 抗蚀性 

分 类 号：S152.4[农业科学—土壤学]