内蒙古中部农牧交错带生态建设对浅层土壤养分的影响  

The Influence of Ecological Construction on Nutrient Contents of Shallow Soil in Farming-pastoral Ecotone of Central Inner Mongolia

作　　者：马礼[1] 梁利红[1] 白洁 MA Li;LIANG Lihong;BAI Jie(College of Resource Environment and Tourism,Capital Normal University,Beiing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048

出　　处：《河北师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第3期310-315,共6页Journal of Hebei Normal University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41071068,40671006);中国绿色碳汇基金会为地球母亲专项基金(2018年)。

摘　　要：以内蒙古化德县七号镇为例,分别于2000,2008和2013年,在典型地段的6种主要不同农业土地利用类型地块土壤浅层0~20 cm进行土壤样品采集.通过化验土壤养分含量,对比分析不同土地利用类型地块土壤养分含量的动态变化,探讨生态建设对土壤浅层养分的影响.结果表明:水浇地因定期施较多优质有机肥和磷肥,土壤养分含量相对稳定,其有机质、全氮、速效氮含量均有不同程度的变化,但变化水平不显著,速效磷含量上升,因隔年种植喜钾作物马铃薯,导致速效钾含量呈波动变化;旱滩地因有机肥施用严重不足,其有机质、全氮、速效氮含量下降;旱坡地因定期休耕压青,土壤养分得以维持;天然草地因退牧还草,其有机质、全氮、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾含量均增加;柠条林地、围栏草地因土地沙化严重,导致土壤养分变化不大;旱坡地、天然草地、柠条林地、围栏草地pH值稍有下降.牧草地通过自然修复,可有效提高土壤养分含量,耕地土壤养分含量由施肥和耕作方式决定.分析不同土地利用类型地块土壤养分含量的动态变化及其原因,提出合理利用土地资源、提高土壤养分的若干建议.This paper mainly discusses the influence of ecological construction on nutrient contents of shallow soil in farming-pastoral ecotone,based on chemical examination of soil samples and comparative a-nalysis of changes in soil nutrient contents among different land use types.Soil samples are collected from shallow soil layers of 0~20 cm in the sections of 6 major agricultural land use types within typical lots in Qihao town,Huade county,Inner Mongolia,in 2000,2008 and 2013.Results of chemical examination of these samples indicate that soil nutrients in irrigated farmland are relatively stable due to regular applica-tion of more high-quality organic and phosphate fertilizers,manifested as insignificant changes at different degrees in the contents of organic matter,total nitrogen and available nitrogen,rising trend shown in avail-able phosphorus content,as well as fluctuations in available potassium content due to potassium-loving potatoes being planted every other year.The contents of organic matter,total nitrogen and available nitrogen in drybeach soil show descending trend due to serious shortage of organic fertilizer application.Dry slope land maintain soil nutrients due to regular fallow cultivation.The contents of organic matter,total nitrogen,available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in natural grassland soil show rising trend due to the return of pasture to grass.The soil nutrients in shrub forestland and fenced grassland change little due to severe land desertification.The soil pH values of dry slope land,natural grass-land,shrub forestland and fenced grassland show descending trend.These results lead to the conclusion that natural repair is beneficial to the improvement of pastureland soil nutrient contents,and that different fertiliza-tion and tillage methods play a decisive role in farmland soil nutrient contents.Through comparative analysis on the dynamic changes and reasons in soil nutrient contents among different land use types in different years,some suggestions on making ration

关 键 词：农牧交错带 生态建设 土壤养分 化德县 

分 类 号：K903[历史地理—人文地理学]