2018年四川省45岁及以上中老年人群高血压患病情况及相关危险因素分析  

Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among middle-aged and elderly people in Sichuan Province

作　　者：倪红珍[1] 胥馨尹[1] 董婷 张新 曾晶[1] 季奎[1] 邓颖[1] NI Hong-zhen;XU Xin-yin;DONG Ting;ZHANG Xin;ZENG Jing;JI Kui;DENG Ying(Sichuan Center for Disease Control and prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,成都610041

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2022年第4期491-496,共6页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的 分析四川省中老年人群患高血压的流行情况,探索相关危险因素与高血压患病的效应关系,为制定高血压防控策略和健康宣教提供参考。方法 基于2018年四川省成人慢性病与营养监测工作,在全省13个区县采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样获得的共7 995名成人调查结果中,取年龄≥45岁的6 752名调查对象分析四川省中老年人群患高血压的流行情况;比较高血压和非高血压人群生活习惯及相关身体测量指标,采用复杂抽样Logistic回归单因素和多因素方式分析高血压患病相关影响因素。结果 四川省中老年人群高血压患病率为45.64%,男性和女性患病率分别为46.38%和44.89%;基本人口学特征比较,民族、职业、年龄、婚姻状况差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。45岁及以上高血压人群与非高血压人群比较,蔬菜和水果摄入不足比例、食用盐摄入水平比高,超重、肥胖比例高;多因素复杂抽样Logistic回归分析显示民族、年龄、生活饮食习惯(食油和食盐过多),超重或肥胖等是高血压患者患病的危险因素。结论 四川省中老年人群高血压患病率高,应当加强对高血压高危人群的健康管理工作,提高群众对高血压危害的认知水平,倡导健康的生活方式,重视中老年人群高血压早期预防,降低四川省中老年人群高血压的患病率。Objective To analyze the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among middleaged and elderly people in Sichuan Province so as to provide reference for the formation of prevention and control strategy for hypertension. Methods Based on adult chronic diseases and nutrition monitoring in Sichuan Province in 2018,a total of 7 995 adults were selected by using a multistage stratified cluster random sampling from 13 districts and counties. Specifically, 6 752subjects aged 45 years and above were included for the analysis of hypertension prevalence. The living habits and related body measurement indexes were compared in both hypertension and nonhypertension group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of hypertension. Results The prevalence rate of hypertension was 45.64% in the whole sample. The prevalence rates of hypertension in males and females were 46.38% and 44.89%respectively. Nationality, occupation, age and marital status were associated with the prevalence of hypertension(P<0.05). Compared with the non-hypertension group, the proportion of insufficient intake of vegetables and fruits,salt intake and overweight and obesity is higher in the hypertension group, whereas the proportion of regular exercise is lower in the hypertension group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that nationality,age,living and eating habits(excessive oil and salt intake),insufficient intake of vegetables and fruits,overweight or obesity were associated with increased risk of hypertension. Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension is high in middle-aged and elderly people in Sichuan Province. It is necessary to strengthen the health management of the high-risk individuals of hypertension, improve the people’s awareness of negative outcomes of hypertension, advocate a healthy lifestyle, pay attention to the early prevention of hypertension in the middle-aged and elderly population so as to reduce the prevalence of hypertension.

关 键 词：中老年 高血压 患病率 危险因素 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]