光宣困境中的驻防旗人族群——观察辛亥革命的另一视角  

A Study on Garrisoning-Banners’Dilemma during Guangxu and Xuantong Period——Another Perspective of the 1911 Revolution Analyzing

作　　者：潘洪钢[1] Pan Honggang

机构地区：[1]湖北省社会科学院

出　　处：《近代史学刊》2022年第1期6-25,共20页Journal of Modern Chinese History

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目“满族民间历史档案资料整理与数据库建设”(项目号:19ZDA181)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：光宣时期八旗驻防族群的困境主要有三个维度。从清廷的角度讲,为重振太平天国时期遭受重创的八旗驻防,清廷采取了一系列措施,其中最主要的便是编练新式军队,但种种努力均告失败。驻防裁撤令下达,清廷中央失去了一支可以完全掌控的军队。从社会风潮的角度来观察,八旗驻防是新政时期朝野上下关注和讨论的对象,也是革命党人有针对性攻击的目标,他们被迫站到了时代的风口。从驻防旗人族群自身来看,他们虽做出了种种努力与抗争,但自身在严重的生存危机下成为无所皈依的浮萍。这也是武昌首义后革命党人能够“传檄而定”天下的历史背景,为我们提供了从“被革命”一方观察辛亥革命的视角。There were three main difficulties in Garrisoning-Banners’dilemma during Guangxu and Xuantong Period.Firstly,the Qing government considered the efforts to revitalize the Garrisoning-Banners have failed,even modernizing the armies would not revitalize them.Although the Garrisoning-Banners were the most loyal armies to the dynasty,still they were abolished.Secondly,the courtiers criticized a lot on those banners,while the revolutionaries considered them as targets to be wiped.Lastly,though various efforts have been made by the Garrisoning-Banners themselves,the survival crisis were still too serious,no allies to rely on.If we analyze from the above three points of view,we might learn the 1911 Revolution from the opposite of the revolutionaries.

关 键 词：光宣时期 驻防旗人 裁撤令 辛亥革命 

分 类 号：K257[历史地理—历史学] E296[历史地理—中国史]