我院2018—2021年儿童过敏性结膜炎过敏原检测结果  

Allergen Test Results of Allergic Conjunctivitis in Children in Our Hospital From 2018 to 2021

作　　者：文海军[1] 谭汝宏[1] 韦僖雯[1] WEN Haijun;TAN Ruhong;WEI Xiwen(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Foshan Women and Children Hospital,Foshan Guangdong 528300,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山市妇幼保健院检验科,广东佛山528300

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2022年第7期16-19,共4页China Health Standard Management

摘　　要：目的探究儿童过敏性结膜炎的过敏原状况,以及不同年龄、不同季节的发生情况,为临床防治提供科学依据。方法回顾性分析医院2018年11月—2021年5月主诊断为过敏性结膜炎的105例患儿的结膜炎过敏原检测结果。所有患儿经静脉采血,采用免疫印迹技术,对血清中过敏原特异性IgE抗体进行检测。分析患儿过敏原状况、不同年龄及季节的发生情况。结果(1)一般情况:在105例患儿中,过敏原阳性例数482例。其中,户尘螨阳性率最高,为12.03%,其次是粉尘螨的9.96%。鱼的阳性率最低,仅有0.41%,芝麻与蚕丝的阳性率也均仅有1.04%。(2)不同年龄组情况:婴幼儿组、学龄前组、学龄儿童组的阳性率分别是70.00%、82.46%和92.86%。经组间比较,婴幼儿组与学龄儿童组差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.389,P<0.05),其余组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(3)不同季节情况:从不同季节来看,春(1—3月)、夏(4—6月)、秋(7—9月)、冬(10—12月)阳性率分别是100%、73.81%、83.87%和86.67%。经组间比较,仅有春、夏两组差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.473,P<0.05)。结论结膜炎过敏原检测可以准确判断儿童过敏原类型,其中户尘螨、粉尘螨占主体,且学龄儿童(年龄)、春季(季节)的儿童阳性率最高,应根据过敏原类型、年龄及季节分布,积极做好相关的防治工作。Objective To explore the allergen status of allergic conjunctivitis in children,as well as the occurrence of different ages and seasons,so as to provide scientific basis for clinical prevention and treatment.Methods The conjunctivitis allergen test results of 105 children with allergic conjunctivitis in our hospital from November 2018 to May 2021 were analyzed retrospectively.Blood was collected from all children through vein,and the allergen specific IgE antibody in serum was detected by immunoblotting assay.The allergen status,different ages and seasons were analyzed.Results(1)General situation:among 105 children,482 were allergen positive.Among them,the positive rate of house dust mite was the highest,12.03%,followed by 9.96%of dust mite.The positive rate of fish was the lowest,only 0.41%,and that of sesame and silk was only 1.04%.(2)Different age groups:the positive rates of infant group,preschool group and school-age children group were 70.00%,82.46%and 92.86%respectively.There was statistically significant difference between infant group and school-age children group(χ^(2)=4.389,P<0.05),and there was no significant difference among other groups(P>0.05).(3)In different seasons,the positive rates in spring(January-March),summer(April-June),autumn(July-September)and winter(October-December)were 100%,73.81%,83.87%and 86.67%respectively.By comparison between groups,only spring and summer groups had significant statistical difference(χ^(2)=5.473,P<0.05).Conclusion Conjunctivitis allergen detection can accurately judge the allergen type of children,in which household dust mites and dust mites account for the main body,and the positive rate of school-age children(age)and children in spring(season)is the highest.Relevant prevention and control work should be actively done according to the allergen type,age and seasonal distribution.

关 键 词：儿童 过敏性结膜炎 过敏原 检测 特征 防治 

分 类 号：R720[医药卫生—儿科]