自动气象站雷电环境及暂态电位分布的研究  

Research on Lightning Environment and Transient Potential Distribution of Automatic Weather Station

作　　者：孙自胜 岳国海 程虎 江亮 SUN Zisheng;YUE Guohai;CHENG Hu;JIANG Liang(Lu'an Meteorological Bureau,Lu'an 237000,China;Shucheng Meteorological Bureau,Shucheng 231300,China)

机构地区：[1]六安市气象局,安徽六安237000 [2]舒城县气象局,安徽舒城231300

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2022年第8期181-184,共4页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

摘　　要：自动气象站的普及既提高了观测效率又节约了大量人力,但由于自动气象站观测需要建设在空旷的野外,在雷雨季节极易遭受雷击,雷击过电压经常导致观测场内仪器发生损坏。该研究选取霍山县城关自动气象观测站作为研究对象,利用安徽省ADTD闪电定位数据,分析和统计了其周围的雷电环境特征,再结合自动气象站周围的土壤特性,建立了其地网模型,对其暂态地电位进行仿真。结果表明,无防护措施时,地面跨步电压的极值为457.59V。研究结果可为后续自动气象站的建设和雷电防护提供参考。The popularization of automatic weather stations not only improves the efficiency of observations,but also saves a lot of manpower.However,because automatic weather stations need to be built in the open field for observa⁃tion,they are vulnerable to lightning strikes during the thunderstorm season.Lightning overvoltages often lead to in⁃struments in the observation field damage has occurred.This paper selects the Huoshan County Chengguan Automat⁃ic Meteorological Observation Station for related research,using the ADTD lightning location data of Anhui Province to analyze and count the characteristics of the lightning environment around it.Combined with the characteristics of the soil around the automatic weather station,the ground network model was established,and its transient ground po⁃tential was simulated,and the extreme value of ground step voltage is 457.59V without protective measures,which provides a reference for the subsequent construction of the automatic weather station and lightning protection.

关 键 词：自动气象站 直击雷 土壤模型 暂态地电位 

分 类 号：P415.12[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]