礼物、耗费与社会延续——黔东南乌寨鼓藏节调查研究  

Gift,Consumption and Social Continuity:An Investigation of Wuzhai Guzang Festival in Qiandongnan

作　　者：杨丹[1,2] 庄柳 YANG Dan;ZHUANG Liu

机构地区：[1]厦门大学社会与人类学院,厦门361005 [2]贵州师范大学“多民族文化融合与区域发展研究基地”

出　　处：《原生态民族文化学刊》2022年第3期74-83,154,155,共12页Journal of Ethnic Culture

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“世界苗学通史”(15ZDB113);厦门大学研究生田野调查基金(2020FG009)。

摘　　要：作为国家级非物质文化遗产,苗族鼓藏节具有内聚和统合家族、促进社会团结的重要作用,然而鼓藏节中大量的杀牲献祭和连日的长桌宴饮行为被认为是“非理性”的经济行为,是“无谓的消耗”。通过对乌寨鼓藏节的田野调查发现,民众通过礼物的流动与“物”的耗费,表达了对祖先的群体性哀思。鼓藏节作为一种集体祭祖仪式,强化了家族自豪、忠诚和团结的情感,那些正跌出社会秩序之人或正处于裂变之中的家庭,通过参与鼓藏祭祖仪式而重新回到社会秩序中来,使社会延续成为可能。As a national intangible cultural heritage,the Miao Guzang Festival plays an important role in cohesion and integration of families and promoting social unity.However,a large number of sacrificial sacrifices and long table feasting are considered as“irrational”economic behavior and“unnecessary consumption”.Through the field investigation of Wuzhai Guzang Festival,it is found that people express their collective grief for their ancestors through the flow of gifts and the consumption of“things”.As a collective ancestor worship ceremony,Guzang festival strengthens the feelings of pride,loyalty and unity of the family.Those who are falling out of the social order or,families in a state of fission can return to the social order through participating in Guzang ancestor worship ritualsmaking the continuation of the society possible.

关 键 词：礼物 耗费 鼓藏节 共餐 社会延续 

分 类 号：C953[社会学—民族学]